SynthesisActa diabetologica2021
Incretin mimetics and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors as monotherapy or add-on to metformin for treatment of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Acta diabetologica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dapagliflozin plus exenatide on patients with type 2 diabetes awaiting bariatric surgery in the DEXBASU study.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Techniques for the determination of dipeptidyl peptidase IV and screening of its inhibitors.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Article
- Isorhamnetin Reduces Glucose Level, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin Diabetic Mice Model.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Comparative effectiveness of second line glucose lowering drug treatments using real world data: emulation of a target trial.BMJ medicine · 2023Article
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists Have the Potential to Revolutionize the Attainment of Target A1C Levels in Type 2 Diabetes-So Why Is Their Uptake So Low?Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2023Article
- Prevention of Cardiorenal Complications with Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter Type 2 Inhibitors: A Narrative Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2022Review
- Switching to Versus Addition of Incretin-Based Drugs Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Taking Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Observational
- Knowledge and practice of community pharmacists towards SGLT2 inhibitors.F1000Research · 2022Article
- The metabolic syndrome, thiazolidinediones, and implications for intersection of chronic and inflammatory disease.Molecular metabolism · 2022Review
- Safety and Efficacy of SGLT2 Inhibitors: A Multiple-Treatment Meta-Analysis of Clinical Decision Indicators.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- SGLT-2 inhibitor intervention in diabetes mellitus patients can reduce the incidence of renal injury and adverse events.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAlthough there are many different methods of treating type 2 diabetes (T2D), it is still difficult to draw coincident conclusions concerning the efficacy and safety of different classes of new drugs, and the recommendation level of them has still kept uncertain as second anti-diabetic agents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to summarize evidence on the efficacy and safety of DPP-4is, GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is as monotherapy or add-on to metformin (Met) for treatment of T2D. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and ClinicalTrials.gov for relevant articles in keeping with established methods using terms associated with anti-diabetic agents up to February, 2020, with no start date restriction. Weighted mean difference and risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated within traditional and network meta-analysis. Primary outcomes were the mean change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) change and the frequency of hypoglycemic events from baseline after 12 weeks of treatment.
resultsIn total, 64 eligible studies comprising 37,780 patients and 7 treatment strategies were included. The results of primary outcomes showed that GLP-1RAs were significantly more effective than DPP-4is or SGLT-2is in reducing HbA1c when add-on to Met. For FPG, both GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is significantly reduced FPG compared with DPP-4is whether add-on to Met or not. For hypoglycemia, monotherapy has a lower risk than combination therapy except for SGLT-2is. Ranking probability analysis indicated that GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is, respectively, reduced HbA1c and FPG most when add-on to Met. Meanwhile, GLP-1RAs took the lowest risk to induce the hypoglycemia, whereas GLP-1RAs plus Met the highest.
conclusionsBoth GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2is have their own advantages in efficacy and safety. Monotherapy is beneficial for reducing the risk of hypoglycemia. The recommendation should be a patient-centered approach when selecting treatment choices.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.