ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2020
Infectious Complications of Biological and Small Molecule Targeted Immunomodulatory Therapies.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 170 citations in OpenAlex.
- Deep and disseminated dermatophytosis in immunocompromised populations-A systematic review.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Pooled it
- [Vaccination of immunocompromised individuals: Expert opinion - update 2026].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Guideline
- Guidelines How to Integrate Surgery and Targeted Therapy with Biologics for the Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Delphi Consensus Statements from an Italian Expert Panel.Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Guideline
- Tocilizumab administration for the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2021Pooled it
- [Management of emergencies in rheumatology].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2026Review
- Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus triggers isolate-specific host transcriptional responses alongside TNF-R1 regulated cell fate decisions.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Infection risk associated with steroid-sparing therapies in GCA, PMR, and ANCA-associated vasculitis: A systematic review.Joint bone spine · 2026Article
- Article
- Clinical characteristics of bloodstream infections in the patients receiving anti-IL-6 receptor antibody.Infection · 2026Article
- Delayed diagnosis of primary cutaneous histoplasmosis in a patient receiving tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitor therapy.BMJ case reports · 2026Article
- International travel considerations for patients with systemic autoimmune inflammatory diseases in the era of novel immunosuppressive therapies.Rheumatology international · 2026Review
- Immunosuppression, resistance burden, and qSOFA on short-term prognosis and difficult clearance in hospitalized patients with Salmonella infection: a single-center retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- The dual balance of the cytokine network: key messengers of immune activation and triggers of cytokine storm.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in hematologic malignancy patients with probable CMV pneumonia.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Infectious Risks Associated with Biologic Therapies in Autoimmune, Rheumatologic and Dermatologic Diseases: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Article
- [Management of emergencies in rheumatology].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2026Review
- Targeting Immune Dysregulation After Burn Injury for Improved Healing and Outcomes.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Article
- Tuberculosis Infection Screening Recommendations for Targeted Immunotherapies: Comparison of US Prescribing Information, Clinical Resources, and Quality Measures.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The past 2 decades have seen a revolution in our approach to therapeutic immunosuppression. We have moved from relying on broadly active traditional medications, such as prednisolone or methotrexate, toward more specific agents that often target a single receptor, cytokine, or cell type, using monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, or targeted small molecules. This change has transformed the treatment of many conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, cancers, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease, but along with the benefits have come risks. Contrary to the hope that these more specific agents would have minimal and predictable infectious sequelae, infectious complications have emerged as a major stumbling block for many of these agents. Furthermore, the growing number and complexity of available biologic agents makes it difficult for clinicians to maintain current knowledge, and most review articles focus on a particular target disease or class of agent. In this article, we review the current state of knowledge about infectious complications of biologic and small molecule immunomodulatory agents, aiming to create a single resource relevant to a broad range of clinicians and researchers. For each of 19 classes of agent, we discuss the mechanism of action, the risk and types of infectious complications, and recommendations for prevention of infection.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.