ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
Autoimmune Pathology in Myasthenia Gravis Disease Subtypes Is Governed by Divergent Mechanisms of Immunopathology.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05301153 (Expression Levels of Interleukin 37 and Its Correlation With Autoantibodies and Disease Severity in Myasthenia Gravis Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 91 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Expression Levels of Interleukin 37 and Its Correlation With Autoantibodies and Disease Severity in Myasthenia Gravis Patients
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Management of Seronegative Myasthenia Gravis: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Muscle & nerve · 2026Pooled it
- Rituximab for myasthenia gravis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of low-dose rituximab in the treatment of myasthenia gravis: a systemic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Thymus alterations and susceptibility to immune checkpoint inhibitor myocarditis.Nature medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Myasthenia Gravis and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms - Mere Association or Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndrome: A Mini-Review.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness and Safety of Rituximab for Refractory Myasthenia Gravis: A Systematic Review and Single-Arm Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Pooled it
- BCMA-directed mRNA CAR T cell therapy for myasthenia gravis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Effects of Plasma Exchange Combined with Immunoglobulin Therapy on Consciousness, Immune Function, and Prognosis in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis Crisis: A Prospective Randomized Test.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Trial
- Real-World Clinical Outcomes and Corticosteroid Tapering in Telitacicept-Based Therapy for Ocular Myasthenia Gravis: An Exploratory Analysis by Prior Treatment History.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Innovative Clinical Pharmacology, Modeling, and Simulation Strategies for Accelerating Rare Disease Drug Development.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Longitudinal omics reveals immune repertoire remodeling in myasthenia gravis patients post-tacrolimus therapy.Genes and immunity · 2026Article
- Cystic Thymoma-Associated Fulminant Myasthenia Gravis with Rapid Progression in a Cat: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- B Cells and B Cell Depletion in Autoimmunity and Atherosclerosis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody overshoot following efgartigimod in myasthenia gravis: Two case reports with literature review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Prevalence and characteristics of patients with seronegative myasthenia gravis.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Italian recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of myasthenia gravis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Who Can Safely Discontinue Treatment in Myasthenia Gravis? Insights From a Long-Term Real-World Study.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Current status and challenges of biologic targeted therapy for myasthenia gravis in China.Intractable & rare diseases research · 2026Review
- Telitacicept as a New Therapeutic Avenue for Generalized Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma-Associated Myasthenia Gravis.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Assessing efgartigimod dosing patterns and Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living outcomes in clinical practice: results from a large patient support program database.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a prototypical autoantibody mediated disease. The autoantibodies in MG target structures within the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), thus affecting neuromuscular transmission. The major disease subtypes of autoimmune MG are defined by their antigenic target. The most common target of pathogenic autoantibodies in MG is the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR), followed by muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) and lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 (LRP4). MG patients present with similar symptoms independent of the underlying subtype of disease, while the immunopathology is remarkably distinct. Here we highlight these distinct immune mechanisms that describe both the B cell- and autoantibody-mediated pathogenesis by comparing AChR and MuSK MG subtypes. In our discussion of the AChR subtype, we focus on the role of long-lived plasma cells in the production of pathogenic autoantibodies, the IgG1 subclass mediated pathology, and contributions of complement. The similarities underlying the immunopathology of AChR MG and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) are highlighted. In contrast, MuSK MG is caused by autoantibody production by short-lived plasmablasts. MuSK MG autoantibodies are mainly of the IgG4 subclass which can undergo Fab-arm exchange (FAE), a process unique to this subclass. In FAE IgG4, molecules can dissociate into two halves and recombine with other half IgG4 molecules resulting in bispecific antibodies. Similarities between MuSK MG and other IgG4-mediated autoimmune diseases, including pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), are highlighted. Finally, the immunological distinctions are emphasized through presentation of biological therapeutics that provide clinical benefit depending on the MG disease subtype.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.