Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32565765›Full record

ArticleTobacco induced diseases2020

Malaysian adolescents' exposure to secondhand smoke in the car of their parents/guardians: A nationwide cross-sectional school-based study.

Kuang H Lim, Hui L Lim, Sumarni M Ghazali, Chee C Kee, Chien H Teh, Balvinder S Gill, Mohd Z Taib, Pei P Heng, Jia H Lim

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 40% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. In-Vehicle Tobacco Smoke Exposure: A Narrative Review of the Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Review
  2. Knowledge, Beliefs, and Behaviors Related to Secondhand Smoke and Smoking in the Home: A Qualitative Study With Men in Malaysia.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Kuang H LimSpecial Resource Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Hui L LimOncology Department, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Sumarni M GhazaliSpecial Resource Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Chee C KeeSector for Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia.
Chien H TehSpecial Resource Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Balvinder S GillSpecial Resource Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Mohd Z TaibSpecial Resource Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Pei P HengSpecial Resource Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Jia H LimSchool of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.
Institute for Medical Research · MYMonash University Malaysia · MYNational Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia · MYSultan Ismail Specialist Hospital · MY

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWe investigated the prevalence of children's exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in the car of their parents/guardians and the associated factors.

methodsA self-administered validated questionnaire was used to obtain data from the nationally representative samples of school-going adolescents aged 11-19 years in Malaysia. Prevalence rates were computed and chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regression were conducted.

resultsOf the participants, 23.3% reported exposure to SHS at least once in the car of their parents/guardians during the last 7 days before the survey. The prevalence and likelihood of SHS exposure were significantly higher in Malays, descendants of natives of Sabah and Sarawak, schools in rural areas, females, and current smokers. However, age group and knowledge on the harmful effects of SHS were not significant after adjusting for confounding effects.

conclusionsA substantial proportion of school-going adolescents were exposed to secondhand smoke in the car of their parents/guardians. This highlights the need for effective tobacco control measures to include health promotion and smoke-free car regulations to be introduced to prevent severe health hazards and to reduce smoking initiation among non-smoking adolescents.

Indexed as

parent/guardian transportschool-going adolescentsecondhand smokesmoking status

Identifiers

PMID32565765
PMCPMC7299278
OpenAlexW3035251679

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.