ReviewJournal of diabetes research2020
Pathophysiology and Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Bone Fragility.
Review in Journal of diabetes research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors of osteoporosis in post-gastrectomy gastric cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of type 2 diabetes on biochemical markers of bone metabolism: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Anti-Diabetic Drugs on Fracture Risk: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- Factors associated with fragility fractures in type 2 diabetes: An analysis of the randomised controlled Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) study.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2023Trial
- Bone Mineral Density and Turnover After Sleeve Gastrectomy and Gastric Bypass: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Oseberg).The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Trial
- From Molecular Pathways to Artificial Intelligence: Advancing the Understanding and Management of Osteosarcopenia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Bone‑origin repair in diabetic foot ulcers: Mechanisms of callus formation and endocrine effects in healing (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Type 2 Diabetes Modulates Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response to Advanced Glycation End Products and N-Acetylcysteine Antioxidant Effect.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Polypharmacy and Bone Health in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review.Journal of bone metabolism · 2026Article
- Managing Bone Fragility in Older Adults with Diabetes: Pathophysiology, Assessment, and Therapeutic Considerations.Drugs & aging · 2026Review
- Profiling bone status indices reveals evidence of a low-turnover bone phenotype in type 2 diabetes: findings from the DiaFALL cohort.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index as a Predictor for Osteoporosis Risk in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Hospital-Based Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Utility of diffusion tensor imaging for assessing bone quality in type 2 diabetes: correlation with bone turnover biomarkers.Archives of osteoporosis · 2026Article
- Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Local Bone Grafting Combined with Implant Restoration in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Partial Edentulism.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2026Article
- Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with islet function in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a multimodal interpretable machine learning model for the identification of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a multicenter retrospective study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- A nomogram integrating machine learning with clinical predictors for osteosarcopenia risk prediction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Mycl, activated by Sgk1-phosphorylated Stat3, mediates osteoclastogenesis via Ctsk transcriptional regulation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Utility of REMS-Derived Fragility Score and Trabecular Bone Score in Evaluating Bone Health in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Observational
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of bone fragility fractures compared to nondiabetic subjects. This increased fracture risk may occur despite normal or even increased values of bone mineral density (BMD), and poor bone quality is suggested to contribute to skeletal fragility in this population. These concepts explain why the only evaluation of BMD could not be considered an adequate tool for evaluating the risk of fracture in the individual T2DM patient. Unfortunately, nowadays, the bone quality could not be reliably evaluated in the routine clinical practice. On the other hand, getting further insight on the pathogenesis of T2DM-related bone fragility could consent to ameliorate both the detection of the patients at risk for fracture and their appropriate treatment. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the increased risk of fragility fractures in a T2DM population are complex. Indeed, in T2DM, bone health is negatively affected by several factors, such as inflammatory cytokines, muscle-derived hormones, incretins, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and cortisol secretion, peripheral activation, and sensitivity. All these factors may alter bone formation and resorption, collagen formation, and bone marrow adiposity, ultimately leading to reduced bone strength. Additional factors such as hypoglycemia and the consequent increased propensity for falls and the direct effects on bone and mineral metabolism of certain antidiabetic medications may contribute to the increased fracture risk in this population. The purpose of this review is to summarize the literature evidence that faces the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying bone fragility in T2DM patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.