ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2021
Whole milk consumption is associated with lower risk of coronary artery calcification progression: evidences from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
Article in European journal of nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiota regulate atherosclerosis via the gut-vascular axis: a scoping review of mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- The Gut Microbiota-Metabolite-Host Axis in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Bridging Bench to Bedside.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Review
- Dairy Intake and Coronary Artery Calcification: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Prospective Cohort Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Association of different milk fat content with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction risk: A Mendelian randomization study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Association of beverage consumption with subclinical atherosclerosis in a Spanish working population.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Magnesium and Zinc Intake Ratio Mediates the Increase of Coronary Artery Calcification through Upregulating Interleukin 6.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2022Article
- Dairy product consumption and calcified atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries: The NHLBI Family Heart Study.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2022Article
- Subclinical cardiovascular disease and utility of coronary artery calcium score.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2021Review
- The Effective Role of Natural Product Berberine in Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Related Atherosclerosis: Novel Insights Into the Gut-Heart Axis Evidenced by Genetic Sequencing Analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- β-Hydroxybutyric Inhibits Vascular Calcification via Autophagy Enhancement in Models Induced by High Phosphate.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Gut Microbiota and Atherosclerosis-Focusing on the Plaque Stability.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeCoronary artery calcification (CAC) progression is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. However, the association between whole milk and CAC progression remains unknown. Recent studies highlighted beneficial effects of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) from whole milk on CVD. In this study, we attempted to investigate the relationship between whole milk consumption and CAC progression, and the potential effect of SCFA in it.
methodsWe analyzed a population-based cohort with 5273 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) who completed a dietary questionnaire at baseline. CAC was measured at baseline and subsequent follow-up examinations by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) scans with Agatston scores. CAC progression was defined as increased CAC scores in the follow-up from the baseline exam.
resultsParticipants consuming whole milk exhibited lower baseline CAC and CAC progression than those who never/rarely consumed whole milk (P < 0.001 and P = 0.010, respectively). Moreover, multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that whole milk intake was independently associated with lower CAC progression (OR 0.765; 95% CI 0.600-0.977; P = 0.032), especially in males, participants with age ≤ 64 years and with body mass index (BMI) ≤ 25 kg/m
conclusionsSelf-reported whole milk consumption was inversely associated with CAC progression in community-dwelling participants, especially in those at relatively low cardiovascular risks. The beneficial effect was partially mediated by SCFA. Therefore, whole milk can be incorporated into part of a cardio-protective diet. Regarding this, future studies may target SCFA to provide insight into more mechanistic views.
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