ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2020
Extracellular vesicle biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease associated with sub-clinical cognitive decline in late middle age.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06072963 (Combination of Intranasal Insulin With Oral Semaglutide to Improve Cognition and Cerebral Blood Flow), which is not on this map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Combination of Intranasal Insulin With Oral Semaglutide to Improve Cognition and Cerebral Blood Flow: a Feasibility Study
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain-Derived Exosomal Proteins as Effective Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Biomolecules · 2021Pooled it
- Brain responses to intermittent fasting and the healthy living diet in older adults.Cell metabolism · 2024Trial
- Neuron-derived extracellular vesicles in blood reveal effects of exercise in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Exploring brain insulin resistance in adults with bipolar depression using extracellular vesicles of neuronal origin.Journal of psychiatric research · 2021Trial
- Metabolic breakdown: Linking insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Plasma extracellular vesicle proteins biomarker for cerebral small vessel disease related cognitive impairment.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Alzheimer's disease as a systems-level timing disorder: Circadian disruption of glial immunometabolism, brain clearance, and therapeutic responsiveness.Neurobiology of sleep and circadian rhythms · 2026Review
- Cognitive Resilience in Apolipoprotein ε4 Carrier Women Predicted by Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Circulating Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Roles, Functions, and Pathological Implications of Exosomes in the Central Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Blood-derived APLP1Science advances · 2025Article
- Exosomes in Central Nervous System Diseases: A Comprehensive Review of Emerging Research and Clinical Frontiers.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Their Clinical and Therapeutic Potential in Central Nervous System Pathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Neuronal-enriched small extracellular vesicles trigger a PD-L1-mediated broad suppression of T cells in Parkinson's disease.iScience · 2024Article
- Harnessing the potential of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes in degenerative diseases.Regenerative therapy · 2024Review
- Surface protein profiling and subtyping of extracellular vesicles in body fluids reveals non-CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Article
- Associations between recall of proper names in story recall and CSF amyloid and tau in adults without cognitive impairment.Neurobiology of aging · 2024Article
- Inhibiting tau-induced elevated nSMase2 activity and ceramides is therapeutic in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model.Translational neurodegeneration · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionNeuronal extracellular vesicle (nEV) tau and insulin signaling biomarkers may detect preclinical Alzheimer's disease and age-associated cognitive decline.
methodsThis case-control study used repeated serum samples from 73 cognitively declining and 73 stable Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention participants (62.4 ± 6.3 years old). We immunocaptured nEVs; measured tau and insulin signaling biomarkers; and examined biomarker differences by group, their performance in group classification in training and test datasets (97, 49 individuals, respectively), and whether they predict cognitive performance change.
resultsDeclining compared to stable individuals showed higher baseline total, p231-, and p181-tau with older age and higher annualized change for p-IR and p-IGF-1R. Combining biomarkers classified decliners with 94% area under the curve (AUC), 86.0% sensitivity and 86.7% specificity, in training data, and 75% AUC, 71.4% sensitivity, and 77.3% specificity, in test data. Insulin biomarkers predicted cognitive performance change prospectively. DISCUSSION: Combining nEV biomarkers can identify individuals with age-associated cognitive decline.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.