ArticleFrontiers in psychology2020
The Dimensionality of the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12): Comparisons of Factor Structures and Invariance Across Samples and Time.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A comprehensive examination of mental health in patients with head and neck cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2024Pooled it
- The evaluation of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) reliability generalization: A meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Mechanism of an integrated PBL-KAP-AI spiral health education model for breast cancer patients.Frontiers in public health · 2025Trial
- Factors associated with adherence to gluten-free diet among celiac patients in Palestine: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Longitudinal validation of the GHQ-12 and PHQ-2 in Chilean social housing populations in urban regeneration contexts.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026Article
- Psychometric validity and clinical utility of the GHQ-12 for screening psychological health in isolated, confined and unusual or extreme environments.African journal of psychological assessment · 2026Article
- Psychometric evaluation of the factor structure of the General Health Questionnaire-12 in a sample of Chinese university students.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Outcome measurement in blue space and depression-related research: a systematic review and exploratory methodological evidence synthesis.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Changes in psychological distress during conflict escalation in an adult population-based cohort in the Gaza Strip (2020-2025): a longitudinal analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Digital health interventions targeting psychological health in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: a scoping review.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Predictors of acute stress disorder following a military maritime accident.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Sleep problems were unrelated to social media use in the late COVID-19 pandemic phase: A cross-national study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Meeting the mental health needs of women in Irish prisons: A qualitative multi-stakeholder perspective to inform healthcare practice.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Longitudinal and Gender Measurement Invariance of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) From Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood.Assessment · 2024Article
- Article
- Digital Dilemma of Cyberbullying Victimization among High School Students: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Associations with Stress and Mental Well-Being.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Cross-culturally adapting the GHQ-12 for use with refugee populations: Opportunities, dilemmas, and challenges.Transcultural psychiatry · 2024Article
- The use of 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in Ukrainian refugees: translation and validation study of the Ukrainian version.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2024Article
- Dimensionality of the Swahili version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in a Kenyan population: A confirmatory factor analysis.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Because of its brevity, the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) has become one of the most popular and used measure for detecting psychological distress. Originally intended as a unidimensional measure, the majority of subsequent factor-analytic studies have failed to support GHQ-12 as a unitary construct and have instead proposed a plethora of multidimensional structures. In this study, we further examined the factor structure in two different military samples, one consisting of crewmembers from four different frigates deployed in anti-piracy operations and Standing NATO Maritime Group deployments (
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.