ReviewShock (Augusta, Ga.)2020
Therapeutic Potential of B-1a Cells in COVID-19.
Review in Shock (Augusta, Ga.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain-binding auto-antibodies in subjects with and without post-COVID-syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- The Framework of Host Innate and Adaptive Immunological Pathways.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- B-1a cells mitigate radiation injury by protecting intestinal barrier integrity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- IL-21-dependent Ly6CCell death discovery · 2025Article
- Regulators and Conductors of Immunity: Natural Immune System in Health and Autoimmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- B-1a cells scavenge NETs to attenuate sepsis.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Article
- Loss of TET2 increases B-1 cell number and IgM production while limiting CDR3 diversity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Diversity of immune responses in children highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- B-1 cells in immunotoxicology: Mechanisms underlying their response to chemicals and particles.Frontiers in toxicology · 2023Review
- [Research progress of immune cells regulating the occurrence and development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2022Article
- Article
- The Forgotten Brother: The Innate-like B1 Cell in Multiple Sclerosis.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- NKB cells: A double-edged sword against inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Therapeutic Potential of B-1a Cells in Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.The Journal of surgical research · 2021Article
- Can molecular mimicry explain the cytokine storm of SARS-CoV-2?: An in silico approach.Journal of medical virology · 2021Article
- Identification of SARS-CoV-2-specific immune alterations in acutely ill patients.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- Complement-Opsonized Nano-Carriers Are Bound by Dendritic Cells (DC) via Complement Receptor (CR)3, and by B Cell Subpopulations via CR-1/2, and Affect the Activation of DC and B-1 Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- The Role of Siglec-G on Immune Cells in Sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Enhancing innate immunity against virus in times of COVID-19: Trying to untangle facts from fictions.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2020Review
- Immune responses during COVID-19 infection.Oncoimmunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a life-threatening respiratory illness caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Its clinical presentation can vary from the asymptomatic state to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ dysfunction. Due to our insufficient understanding of its pathophysiology and lack of effective treatment, the morbidity and mortality of severe COVID-19 patients are high. Patients with COVID-19 develop ARDS fueled by exaggerated neutrophil influx into the lungs and cytokine storm. B-1a cells represent a unique subpopulation of B lymphocytes critical for circulating natural antibodies, innate immunity, and immunoregulation. These cells spontaneously produce natural IgM, interleukin (IL)-10, and granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Natural IgM neutralizes viruses and opsonizes bacteria, IL-10 attenuates the cytokine storm, and GM-CSF induces IgM production by B-1a cells in an autocrine manner. Indeed, B-1a cells have been shown to ameliorate influenza virus infection, sepsis, and pneumonia, all of which are similar to COVID-19. The recent discovery of B-1a cells in humans further reinforces their potentially critical role in the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and their anticipated translational applications against viral and microbial infections. Given that B-1a cells protect against ARDS via immunoglobulin production and the anti-COVID-19 effects of convalescent plasma treatment, we recommend that studies be conducted to further examine the role of B-1a cells in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and explore their therapeutic potential to treat COVID-19 patients.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.