ReviewNutrients2020
Nutrient Timing: A Garage Door of Opportunity?
Review in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Impact of carbohydrate timing on glucose metabolism and substrate oxidation following high-intensity evening aerobic exercise in athletes: a randomized controlled study.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Change to a Plant-Based Diet Has No Effect on Strength Performance in Trained Persons in the First 8 Weeks-A 16-Week Controlled Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Trial
- Trial
- From Single Foods to Whole Diets: A Critical Framework for Protein Quality Assessment Accounting for Complementarity and Matrix Effects.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Associations Between Nutrition Knowledge, Body Composition, and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Performance in Adolescent Football Players.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Chronic Resistance Exercise Combined with Nutrient Timing Enhances Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength While Modulating Small Extracellular Vesicle miRNA Profiles.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Muscle Hypertrophy, Strength, and Salivary Hormone Changes Following 9 Weeks of High- or Low-Load Resistance Training.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Elite collegiate swimmers do not meet sport nutrition recommendations during heavy training: effects of sex and within-day nutrient timing.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Article
- Gender and Age-Specific Responses to Non-Invasive Body-Contouring Interventions and Their Impact on Body Composition-Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2025Observational
- Nutritional Strategies for Enhancing Performance and Training Adaptation in Weightlifters.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- From Food Supplements to Functional Foods: Emerging Perspectives on Post-Exercise Recovery Nutrition.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Timing matters? The effects of two different timing of high protein diets on body composition, muscular performance, and biochemical markers in resistance-trained males.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Ramadan Fasting and Short-Term Maximal Physical Performance: Searching for Optimal Timing of the Last Meal "Suhoor" in Female Pre-University Handball Players.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2023Article
- Active Women Across the Lifespan: Nutritional Ingredients to Support Health and Wellness.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Review
- Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Healthy Adults-Possible Applications in Health Care, Wellness, and Sports.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Impact of pre-exercise feeding status on metabolic adaptations to endurance-type exercise training.The Journal of physiology · 2022Article
- Effects of creatine monohydrate timing on resistance training adaptations and body composition after 8 weeks in male and female collegiate athletes.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2022Article
- Evaluation of pre-workout and recovery formulations on body composition and performance after a 6-week high-intensity training program.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nutrient timing involves manipulation of nutrient consumption at specific times in and around exercise bouts in an effort to improve performance, recovery, and adaptation. Its historical perspective centered on ingestion during exercise and grew to include pre- and post-training periods. As research continued, translational focus remained primarily on the impact and outcomes related to nutrient consumption during one specific time period to the exclusion of all others. Additionally, there seemed to be increasing emphasis on outcomes related to hypertrophy and strength at the expense of other potentially more impactful performance measures. As consumption of nutrients does not occur at only one time point in the day, the effect and impact of energy and macronutrient availability becomes an important consideration in determining timing of additional nutrients in and around training and competition. This further complicates the confining of the definition of "nutrient timing" to one very specific moment in time at the exclusion of all other time points. As such, this review suggests a new perspective built on evidence of the interconnectedness of nutrient impact and provides a pragmatic approach to help frame nutrient timing more inclusively. Using this approach, it is argued that the concept of nutrient timing is constrained by reliance on interpretation of an "anabolic window" and may be better viewed as a "garage door of opportunity" to positively impact performance, recovery, and athlete availability.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.