Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32631300›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2020

Cross-sectional study of prevalence and determinants of uncontrolled hypertension among South African adult residents of Mkhondo municipality.

Charity Masilela, Brendon Pearce, Joven Jebio Ongole, Oladele Vincent Adeniyi, Mongi Benjeddou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  4. Article
  5. A prospective analysis to assess the multifactorial risk of childhood-onset hypertension: the ExAMIN Youth SA study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Adherence to hypertension management at a rural hospital in Limpopo: A cross-sectional study.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
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  13. Hypertension guideline implementation and blood pressure control in Matlosana, South Africa.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. No Association BetweenDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024
    Article
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  20. [Effect of the Interaction Between Overweight/Obesity and Dyslipidemia on the Risk of Hypertension in Tibetan Population Living in Tibet].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Charity MasilelaDepartment of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, 7535, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa. chemasilela@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2369-5808
Brendon PearceDepartment of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, 7535, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.
Joven Jebio OngoleDepartment of Family Medicine, Center for Teaching and Learning, Piet Retief Hospital, Mkhondo, South Africa.
Oladele Vincent AdeniyiDepartment of Family Medicine, Walter Sisulu University, East London, South Africa.
Mongi BenjeddouDepartment of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, 7535, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAchieving the blood pressure treatment target in individuals with hypertension is a serious global health challenge. Furthermore, the actual burden of uncontrolled hypertension is poorly understood, especially in the developing countries. Therefore, this study comprehensively examined the prevalence and factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension in individuals receiving care at the primary healthcare facilities in the rural areas of Mkhondo Municipality in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa.

methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 329 individuals attending care for hypertension were recruited from January 2019 to June 2019 at three primary healthcare centres, namely, Piet Retief hospital, Mkhondo town clinic and Thandukukhanya community health centre. Uncontrolled hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg in accordance with the South African Hypertension Society guideline (2014). Multiple logistic regression (Forward LR method) analysis was used to identify the significant determinants of uncontrolled hypertension.

resultsThe majority of the participants were 55 years old and above (69.0%), Zulus (81.2%), non-smokers (84.19%) and had been diagnosed with hypertension for more than a year prior to the study (72.64%). The overall prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was 56.83% (n = 187) with no significant difference between sexes, 57.38% male versus 56.88% female, respectively. In the multiple logistic regression model analysis after adjusting for confounding variables, obesity (AOR = 2.90; 95% CI 1.66-5.05), physical activity (AOR = 4.79; 95% CI 2.15-10.65) and HDL-C (AOR = 5.66; 95% CI 3.33-9.60) were the significant and independent determinants of uncontrolled hypertension in the cohort.

conclusionThe high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension in the study setting can be largely attributed to obesity, physical activity and dyslipidaemia. Treatment will require the collaborative efforts of individuals, clinicians and health authorities. All these determinants should be addressed decisively so as to achieve the treatment blood pressure targets in the study population.

Indexed as

AdultAgedBlack PeopleBlood PressureCitiesCohort StudiesCost of IllnessCross-Sectional StudiesDyslipidemiasExerciseFemaleHumansHypertensionLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedBlood pressure controlDyslipidaemiaMpumalangaSouth AfricaUncontrolled hypertension

Identifiers

PMID32631300
PMCPMC7339580

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.