ArticleNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2020
Neuroprotective Activities of Long-Acting Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (mPDM608) in 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Intoxicated Mice.
Article in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sargramostim (rhu GM-CSF) as Cancer Therapy (Systematic Review) and An Immunomodulator. A Drug Before Its Time?Frontiers in immunologyPooled it
- LA-GM-CSF, a Long-Acting Cytokine Mitigates and Prevents H-ARS Mediated Lethality in Mice Exposed to Total Body Gamma Radiation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Power of Exercise: Unlocking the Biological Mysteries of Peripheral-Central Crosstalk in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice sequentially recruits neutrophils with dichotomous phenotype and function.Nature communications · 2025Article
- MicroRNAs in the biology and hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases.Trends in molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Calcitriol restrains microglial M1 polarization and alleviates dopaminergic degeneration in hemiparkinsonian mice by boosting regulatory T-cell expansion.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Inflammation, Autoimmunity and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Therapeutics and Beyond.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Clinical Trial Highlights: Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Agents.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2024Review
- Clinical biomarkers for Lewy body diseases.Cell & bioscience · 2023Review
- An open-label multiyear study of sargramostim-treated Parkinson's disease patients examining drug safety, tolerability, and immune biomarkers from limited case numbers.Translational neurodegeneration · 2023Article
- Expansion of regulatory T cells by CD28 superagonistic antibodies attenuates neurodegeneration in A53T-α-synuclein Parkinson's disease mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Development of an extended half-life GM-CSF fusion protein for Parkinson's disease.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2022Article
- Monocyte biomarkers define sargramostim treatment outcomes for Parkinson's disease.Clinical and translational medicine · 2022Article
- Interleukin-2 expands neuroprotective regulatory T cells in Parkinson's disease.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2022Article
- Chicoric Acid Prevents Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in a Mouse Parkinson's Disease Model: Immune Response and Transcriptome Profile of the Spleen and Colon.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Strategies for Immune Transformation in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2022Review
- Regulatory T Cell Therapeutics for Neuroinflammatory Disorders.Critical reviews in immunology · 2022Review
- Mechanisms of Autoimmune Cell in DA Neuron Apoptosis of Parkinson's Disease: Recent Advancement.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Loss of dopaminergic neurons along the nigrostriatal axis, neuroinflammation, and peripheral immune dysfunction are the pathobiological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD). Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been successfully tested for PD treatment. GM-CSF is a known immune modulator that induces regulatory T cells (Tregs) and serves as a neuronal protectant in a broad range of neurodegenerative diseases. Due to its short half-life, limited biodistribution, and potential adverse effects, alternative long-acting treatment schemes are of immediate need. A long-acting mouse GM-CSF (mPDM608) was developed through Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research. Following mPDM608 treatment, complete hematologic and chemistry profiles and T-cell phenotypes and functions were determined. Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory capacities of mPDM608 were assessed in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-intoxicated mice that included transcriptomic immune profiles. Treatment with a single dose of mPDM608 resulted in dose-dependent spleen and white blood cell increases with parallel enhancements in Treg numbers and immunosuppressive function. A shift in CD4
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.