SynthesisDiabetes & metabolic syndrome
Association of hypertension, diabetes, stroke, cancer, kidney disease, and high-cholesterol with COVID-19 disease severity and fatality: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Diabetes & metabolic syndrome. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 224 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The Rise of Wearable Devices during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- Diabetes and Overweight/Obesity Are Independent, Nonadditive Risk Factors for In-Hospital Severity of COVID-19: An International, Multicenter Retrospective Meta-analysis.Diabetes care · 2021Pooled it
- The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on Stroke Epidemiology and Care: A Meta-Analysis.Annals of neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Association of calcium channel blocker use with clinical outcome of COVID-19: A meta-analysis.Diabetes & metabolic syndromePooled it
- Gender Characteristics of the Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) in Middle-Aged Adults.Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2021Trial
- Patient Characteristics and Healthcare Resource Use among Patients With COVID-19 Receiving Treatment with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (PAXLOVID™) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Pulmonary therapy · 2026Article
- Machine learning models for the prediction of COVID-19 prognosis in the primary health care setting.BMC primary care · 2025Article
- Influence of Cholesterol on the Insertion and Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 Proteins with Lipid Membranes.ACS applied bio materials · 2025Article
- An automated privacy-preserving self-supervised classification of COVID-19 from lung CT scan images minimizing the requirements of large data annotation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Health diagnosis associated with COVID-19 death in the United States: A retrospective cohort study using electronic health records.PloS one · 2025Article
- An Increase in Aspartate Aminotransferase Can Predict Worsening Disease Severity in Japanese Patients with COVID-19.Clinics and practice · 2024Article
- Addressing Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome in Cancer Patients, from Visceral Obesity and Myosteatosis to Systemic Inflammation: Implications in Cardio-Onco-Metabolism.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Comparative evaluation of RT-PCR and antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) for SARS-CoV-2 detection: performance, variant specificity, and clinical implications.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Assessing the Variation in COVID-19 Severity Among the Different Nationalities Living in Qatar.Cureus · 2024Article
- Evolution of COVID-19 infection characteristics in a Lebanese cohort of inpatients during different pandemic periods.Pathogens and global health · 2024Observational
- Article
- Degree of COVID-19 severity and mortality in stroke: correlation of clinical and laboratory parameters.BMC neuroscience · 2024Article
- Pre-existing neurological conditions and COVID-19 co-infection: Data from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and scoping reviews.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2023Review
- Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Evaluated by Antibody Response in a Sample of Workers from the Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsTo undertake a review and critical appraisal of published/preprint reports that offer methods of determining the effects of hypertension, diabetes, stroke, cancer, kidney issues, and high-cholesterol on COVID-19 disease severity.
methodsA search was conducted by two authors independently on the freely available COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). We developed an automated search engine to screen a total of 59,000 articles in a few seconds. Filtering of the articles was then undertaken using keywords and questions, e.g. "Effects of diabetes on COVID/normal coronavirus/SARS-CoV-2/nCoV/COVID-19 disease severity, mortality?". The search terms were repeated for all the comorbidities considered in this paper. Additional articles were retrieved by searching via Google Scholar and PubMed.
findingsA total of 54 articles were considered for a full review. It was observed that diabetes, hypertension, and cholesterol levels possess an apparent relation to COVID-19 severity. Other comorbidities, such as cancer, kidney disease, and stroke, must be further evaluated to determine a strong relationship to the virus.
conclusionReports associating cancer, kidney disease, and stroke with COVID-19 should be carefully interpreted, not only because of the size of the samples, but also because patients could be old, have a history of smoking, or have any other clinical condition suggesting that these factors might be associated with the poor COVID-19 outcomes rather than the comorbidity itself. Further research regarding this relationship and its clinical management is warranted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.