ArticleNature protocols2020
A simple sperm-sexing method that activates TLR7/8 on X sperm for the efficient production of sexed mouse or cattle embryos.
Article in Nature protocols, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sperm Sexing in Selected Animals and Humans: Methods, Applications, and Future Prospects.Andrology · 2026Review
- Enhancement of Y-bearing sperm enrichment in swamp buffalo using a TLR7/8 agonist (R848) combined with discontinuous Percoll density gradient centrifugation.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Sex Determination of X and Y Separated Fresh Bull Sperm Using SRY Gene Copy Number Analysis.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- Dehydroepiandrosterone activates ADGRG2 to regulate chloride homeostasis and sperm motility via Gs-cAMP pathways.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- The effect of toll-like receptor 7/8 activation by ligand (R848) on morphometry, proportion of X-Y chromosome-bearing sperm, and sexed sperm quality of bucks.Open veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Lactate inhibits glucose-induced zigzag motility and enhances linear motility in bull spermatozoa by suppressing glycolysis.Andrology · 2026Article
- Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 can be targeted to enrich Y-chromosome sperm in the domestic dog.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Article
- Article
- Does a Father's Social Environment Influence Their Sons' Sperm Sex Ratio? Potential for the Epigenetic Transmission of a Sex-Allocating Mechanism.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Progress of sex control techniques in mammals†.Biology of reproduction · 2025Review
- Molecular Constraints of Sperm Sex Sorting via TLR7/8 Activation.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Evidence against the role of toll-like receptors 7 and 8 in sex selection in mice, cattle, and humans.iScience · 2025Article
- Imiquimod (R837), a TLR7-Specific Agonist, Regulates Boar Sperm Motility via PI3K/GSK3α/β/Hexokinase Pathway.Biology · 2025Article
- Polyvinylpyrrolidone can effectively improve the efficiency of resiquimod in sorting bovine Y sperm.Animal bioscience · 2025Article
- Deciphering aptamer-protein interactions for bovine sperm sorting through in silico and in vitro studies.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- The Surface Proteome of Bovine Unsexed and Sexed Spermatozoa.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Genetic parameters and genome-wide association studies including the X chromosome for various reproduction and semen quality traits in Nellore cattle.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Advances in immunological sorting of X and Y chromosome-bearing sperm: from proteome to sex-specific proteins.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Reproductive Tract Mucus May Influence the Sex of Offspring in Cattle: Study in Cows That Have Repeatedly Calved Single-Sex Offspring.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Exploring aptamers for targeted enrichment of X sperm in bovine: unraveling selective potential.Animal biotechnology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The preferred sex of livestock differs among breeders; for example, dairy farmers prefer female calves for the production of milk, whereas cattle meat producers often prefer males. Sexing of laboratory animals is also beneficial in some research fields, including reproductive biology and metabolic studies. Most sexing methods separate X sperm and Y sperm with a cell sorter. Here, we describe a system in which treatment with the TLR7/8 ligand (R848) separates X sperm from Y sperm. Because this protocol does not require any special equipment or professional skills, it can be easily applied in laboratories where in vitro fertilization (IVF) is performed. The sperm are treated with 0.03 µM R848 in 1 mL of modified human tubal fluid (mHTF) medium (mouse sperm) or 3 mL of mHTF medium (bull sperm) for 60 min, and then the upper layer (400 µL in mouse sperm or 1 mL in bull sperm) and the precipitate are separately collected. After each sample is washed by centrifugation, the sperm are suspended in ligand-free IVF medium and can then be used for IVF. More than 90% of the embryos made with upper-layer sperm are XY in both mice and cattle, and >80% of the embryos made with precipitated sperm are XX in both species. Separation of X sperm and Y sperm for IVF can be completed within 2 h.
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