ArticleCell systems2020
SCHEEPDOG: Programming Electric Cues to Dynamically Herd Large-Scale Cell Migration.
Article in Cell systems, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dehydration-resistant multi-functional hydrogel-based iontophoretic drug delivery for wound healing.Nano convergence · 2026Article
- SCHEPHERD: A modular, programmable, direct current platform to control cell behavior.Science advances · 2026Article
- A Data Driven Review of In Vitro Electrical and Mechanical Stimulation for Post-Acute Phase Wound Healing.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Controlling noisy herds: Temporal network restructuring improves control of indecisive collectives.Science advances · 2026Article
- Computational models in directed cell migration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Biophysical Considerations in Cell Fusion.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Rules of life at the interface of calcium signaling and mechanobiology.APL bioengineering · 2025Review
- SCHEPHERD: A universal platform for high-throughput, high-resolution, and programmable control of cell behavior through bioelectric stimulation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Controlling Cell Migratory Patterns Under an Electric Field Regulated by a Neural Network-Based Feedback Controller.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Galvanotactic directionality of cell groups depends on group size.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Competing signaling pathways controls electrotaxis.iScience · 2025Article
- Electrotaxis disrupts patterns of cell-cell interactions of human corneal epithelial cells in vitro.Biophysical journal · 2025Article
- The dynamics of chemoattractant receptors redistribution in the electrotaxis of 3T3 fibroblasts.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Large-scale control over collective cell migration using light-activated epidermal growth factor receptors.Cell systems · 2025Article
- Conductive Hydrogel Inspires Neutrophil Extracellular Traps to Combat Bacterial Infections in Wounds.ACS nano · 2025Article
- Stretch-induced endogenous electric fields drive directed collective cell migration in vivo.Nature materials · 2025Article
- A Platform Integrating Biophysical and Biochemical Stimuli to Enhance Differentiation and Maturation of Cardiomyocyte Subtypes Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- Article
- Enhancing cell motility via non-contact capacitively coupled electrostatic field.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Optimal Control of Collective Electrotaxis in Epithelial Monolayers.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Directed cell migration is critical across biological processes spanning healing to cancer invasion, yet no existing tools allow real-time interactive guidance over such migration. We present a new bioreactor that harnesses electrotaxis-directed cell migration along electric field gradients-by integrating four independent electrodes under computer control to dynamically program electric field patterns, and hence steer cell migration. Using this platform, we programmed and characterized multiple precise, two-dimensional collective migration maneuvers in renal epithelia and primary skin keratinocyte ensembles. First, we demonstrated on-demand, 90-degree collective turning. Next, we developed a universal electrical stimulation scheme capable of programming arbitrary 2D migration maneuvers such as precise angular turns and migration in a complete circle. Our stimulation scheme proves that cells effectively time-average electric field cues, helping to elucidate the transduction timescales in electrotaxis. Together, this work represents an enabling platform for controlling cell migration with broad utility across many cell types.
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.