ArticleBMC evolutionary biology2020
Genome-wide evolutionary characterization and expression analysis of SIAMESE-RELATED family genes in maize.
Article in BMC evolutionary biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide identification of the YABBY gene family and functional characterization of TaYABBY4A in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Article
- The SIAMESE family of cell-cycle inhibitors in the response of plants to environmental stresses.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Review
- The response of Arabidopsis to the apocarotenoid β-cyclocitric acid reveals a role for SIAMESE-RELATED 5 in root development and drought tolerance.PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Article
- Maize Endosperm Development: Tissues, Cells, Molecular Regulation and Grain Quality Improvement.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe SIAMESE (SIM) locus is a cell-cycle kinase inhibitor (CKI) gene that has to date been identified only in plants; it encodes a protein that promotes transformation from mitosis to endoreplication. Members of the SIAMESE-RELATED (SMR) family have similar functions, and some are related to cell-cycle responses and abiotic stresses. However, the functions of SMRs are poorly understood in maize (Zea mays L.).
resultsIn the present study, 12 putative SMRs were identified throughout the entire genome of maize, and these were clustered into six groups together with the SMRs from seven other plant species. Members of the ZmSMR family were divided into four groups according to their protein sequences. Various cis-acting elements in the upstream sequences of ZmSMRs responded to abiotic stresses. Expression analyses revealed that all ZmSMRs were upregulated at 5, 20, 25, and 35 days after pollination. In addition, we found that ZmSMR9/11/12 may have regulated the initiation of endoreplication in endosperm central cells. Additionally, ZmSMR2/10 may have been primarily responsible for the endoreplication regulation of outer endosperm or aleurone cells. The relatively high expression levels of almost all ZmSMRs in the ears and tassels also implied that these genes may function in seed development. The effects of treatments with ABA, heat, cold, salt, and drought on maize seedlings and expression of ZmSMR genes suggested that ZmSMRs were strongly associated with response to abiotic stresses.
conclusionThe present study is the first to conduct a genome-wide analysis of members of the ZmSMR family by investigating their locations in chromosomes, identifying regulatory elements in their promoter regions, and examining motifs in their protein sequences. Expression analysis of different endosperm developmental periods, tissues, abiotic stresses, and hormonal treatments suggests that ZmSMR genes may function in endoreplication and regulate the development of reproductive organs. These results may provide valuable information for future studies of the functions of the SMR family in maize.
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