Trial reportDiabetologia2020
A single-blind, randomised, crossover study to reduce hypoglycaemia risk during postprandial exercise with closed-loop insulin delivery in adults with type 1 diabetes: announced (with or without bolus reduction) vs unannounced exercise strategies.
Trial report in Diabetologia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems, physical activity and sports in type 1 diabetes mellitus: joint guidelines of the DDG and ÖDG].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Guideline
- Effects of a 50% versus 100% pre-prandial insulin bolus reduction to improve glycemic safety during postprandial continuous and intermittent exercise in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily injections.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- A Randomized Crossover Trial Comparing Glucose Control During Postprandial Moderate Aerobic Activity and High-Intensity Interval Training in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Using an Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop System.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024Trial
- A Randomized Crossover Pilot Study Evaluating Glucose Control During Exercise Initiated 1 or 2 h After a Meal in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Treated with an Automated Insulin Delivery System.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2023Trial
- Metabolic Responses to Exercise and Nutritional Strategies in Type 1 Diabetes Using Automated Insulin Delivery Systems: A Narrative Review.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Fully closed-loop systems: can people with type 1 diabetes just do it? Insights from open-source systems.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Hypoglycemia incidence and behavioural adjustments during free-living unstructured physical activity in adults with type 1 diabetes using AID systems: Results from the RAPPID study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Observational
- Review
- Exploring Technology's Influence on Health Behaviours and Well-being in Type 1 Diabetes: a Review.Current diabetes reports · 2024Review
- Review
- Effects of postprandial exercise on blood glucose levels in adults with type 1 diabetes: a review.Diabetologia · 2023Review
- Practical Aspects and Exercise Safety Benefits of Automated Insulin Delivery Systems in Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2023Article
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Exercise in children and adolescents with diabetes.Pediatric diabetes · 2022Article
- Exercise and Self-Management in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.Current cardiology reports · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisFor individuals living with type 1 diabetes, closed-loop insulin delivery improves glycaemic control. Nonetheless, maintenance of glycaemic control during exercise while a prandial insulin bolus remains active is a challenge even to closed-loop systems. We investigated the effect of exercise announcement on the efficacy of a closed-loop system, to reduce hypoglycaemia during postprandial exercise.
methodsA single-blind randomised, crossover open-label trial was carried out to compare three strategies applied to a closed-loop system at mealtime in preparation for exercise taken 90 min after eating at a research testing centre: (1) announced exercise to the closed-loop system (increases target glucose levels) in addition to a 33% reduction in meal bolus (A-RB); (2) announced exercise to the closed-loop system and a full meal bolus (A-FB); (3) unannounced exercise and a full meal bolus (U-FB). Participants performed 60 min of exercise at 60% [Formula: see text] 90 min after eating breakfast. The investigators were not blinded to the interventions. However, the participants were blinded to the sensor glucose readings and to the insulin infusion rates throughout the intervention visits.
resultsThe trial was completed by 37 adults with type 1 diabetes, all using insulin pumps: mean±SD, 40.0 ± 15.0 years of age, HbA CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationCombining postprandial exercise announcement, which increases closed-loop system glucose target levels, with a 33% meal bolus reduction significantly reduced time spent in hypoglycaemia compared with the other two strategies, yet at the expense of more time spent in hyperglycaemia.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT0285530
fundingJDRF (2-SRA-2016-210-A-N), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (354024) and the Fondation J.-A. DeSève chair held by RR-L.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.