ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2020
Human Endogenous Retrovirus K (HML-2) in Health and Disease.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Active Human Transposable Elements: Long-Read Sequencing Technologies, Computational Analysis, and Implications for Human Disease.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- One-Step Multiplex PCR Reveals Selective Activation of Immunostimulatory Human Endogenous Retroviruses and Epigenetic Imbalance in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Metagenomic analysis of bacterial and viral communities of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Gammaretrovirus Infections in Humans in the Past, Present, and Future: Have We Defeated the Pathogen?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Chronic Reactivation of Persistent Human Herpesviruses EBV, HHV-6 and VZV and Heightened Anti-dUTPase IgG Antibodies Are a Recurrent Hallmark in Post-Infectious ME/CFS and is Associated With Fatigue.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Locus-specific HERV expression identifies an aggressive, NK-depleted, checkpoint-refractory acral melanoma phenotype.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- HERVs and Epigenetic Regulators Transcriptional Expression After Chondrogenic Differentiation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- HERV-K Envelope Induce a Humoral Response in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- Strict retroelement regulation is frequently lost following cancer transformation and generates a promising reservoir of cancer biomarkers.Mobile DNA · 2025Article
- Viewing Psychiatric Disorders Through Viruses: Simple Architecture, Burgeoning Implications.Neuroscience bulletin · 2025Review
- Human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) envelope structures in pre- and postfusion by cryo-EM.Science advances · 2025Article
- Adaptive evolution of koala retrovirus transcription silencing and what it means for conservation.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Gut virome and its implications in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of inflammatory bowel disease.BMC medicine · 2025Review
- The role of HERV envelope protein in ovarian cancer.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Brain virome dysbiosis in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Characterization of novel human endogenous retrovirus structures on chromosomes 6 and 7.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Immunogenetics of longevity and its association with human endogenous retrovirus K.Frontiers in aging · 2025Article
- VirDetect-AI: a residual and convolutional neural network-based metagenomic tool for eukaryotic viral protein identification.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Article
- Detecting transposable elements in long-read genomes using sTELLeR.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are derived from exogenous retrovirus infections in the evolution of primates and account for about 8% of the human genome. They were considered as silent passengers within our genomes for a long time, however, reactivation of HERVs has been associated with tumors and autoimmune diseases, especially the HERV-K (HML-2) family, the most recent integration groups with the least number of mutations and the most biologically active to encode functional retroviral proteins and produce retrovirus-like particles. Increasing studies are committed to determining the potential role of HERV-K (HML-2) in pathogenicity. Although there is still no evidence for HERV-K (HML-2) as a direct cause of diseases, aberrant expression profiles of the HERV-K (HML-2) transcripts and their regulatory function to their proximal host-genes were identified in different diseases. In this review, we summarized the advances between HERV-K (HML-2) and diseases to provide basis for further studies on the causal relationship between HERV-K (HML-2) and diseases. We recommended more attention to polymorphic integrated HERV-K (HML-2) loci which could be genetic causative factors and be associated with inter-individual differences in tumorigenesis and autoimmune diseases.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.