ArticleAIDS (London, England)2020
Monocyte activation and gut barrier dysfunction in South African youth on antiretroviral therapy and their associations with endothelial dysfunction.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Endothelial Peripheral Arterial Tonometry (Endo-PAT 2000) use in paediatric patients: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2023Pooled it
- Iron absorption and loss, and efficacy of iron supplementation with and without prebiotics in children with virally suppressed HIV: three prospective studies in South Africa.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Coordination of inflammatory responses in children with perinatally acquired HIV infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Trial
- Cardiometabolic Health Burden in Pediatric HIV: Unmet Need in the Contemporary Antiretroviral Therapy Era.Cureus · 2025Review
- HIV-Tat and vascular endothelium: implications in the HIV associated brain, heart, and lung complications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Association between CD4BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is evidence for endothelial dysfunction in youth living with perinatally acquired HIV (YLPHIV). However, little data exist on its mechanisms.
methodsYLPHIV and age-matched HIV-uninfected (HIV-) youth enrolled in the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort in South Africa between 9 and 14 years of age were included. YLPHIV were on antiretroviral therapy more than 6 months with viral load less than 400 copies/ml at baseline and 24 months. Serum biomarkers of systemic inflammation, monocyte activation, intestinal integrity, and oxidized LDL-cholesterol were measured at baseline and after 24 months. Endothelial function was measured at 24 months using reactive hyperemic index (RHI); endothelial dysfunction was defined as RHI less than 1.35. Spearman correlation coefficient and quantile regression were used to examine associations between RHI and different biomarkers.
resultsWe included 266 YLPHIV and 69 HIV- participants. At baseline, median (Q1, Q3) age was 12 (11, 13) years and 53% were females. YLPHIV had poorer endothelial function compared with HIV- youth (RHI = 1.36 vs. 1.52, P < 0.01). At baseline and 24 months, YLPHIV had higher markers of monocyte activation (soluble CD14), gut barrier dysfunction (intestinal fatty acid binding protein) and oxidized LDL-cholesterol (P ≤ 0.04) compared with HIV- youth. Among YLPHIV, soluble CD14 remained associated with endothelial dysfunction after adjusting for age, sex, Tanner stage, and antiretroviral therapy duration (β: -0.05, P = 0.01).
conclusionDespite viral suppression, South African YLPHIV have poor endothelial function and persistent evidence of monocyte activation and gut barrier dysfunction compared with HIV- youth. The long-term clinical significance of gut integrity and monocyte activation needs to be further assessed in YLPHIV.
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