Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32769763›Full record

ArticleAIDS (London, England)2020

Monocyte activation and gut barrier dysfunction in South African youth on antiretroviral therapy and their associations with endothelial dysfunction.

Sahera Dirajlal-Fargo, Jiao Yu, Zainab Albar, Abdus Sattar, Sana Mahtab, Jennifer Jao, Landon Myer, Heather J Zar, Grace A McComsey

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AIDS (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Association between CD4BMC infectious diseases · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sahera Dirajlal-FargoUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center.
Jiao YuCase Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Zainab AlbarCase Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Abdus SattarCase Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Sana MahtabRed Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Jennifer JaoNorthwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Landon MyerDivision of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Heather J ZarRed Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Grace A McComseyUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center.

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of ClevelandUL1TR002548 · NCATS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI MCCOMSEY, GRACE A · 2018 to 2022
$35.5M
Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort (CTAAC)R01HD074051 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN · PI ZAR, HEATHER JOY · 2012 to 2016
$3.0M
Cardiovascular disease and inflammation in Ugandan children with HIVK23HD088295 · NICHD · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI DIRAJLAL-FARGO, SAHERA · 2016 to 2020
$799k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002548NICHD NIH HHS K23 HD088295NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD074051
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is evidence for endothelial dysfunction in youth living with perinatally acquired HIV (YLPHIV). However, little data exist on its mechanisms.

methodsYLPHIV and age-matched HIV-uninfected (HIV-) youth enrolled in the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort in South Africa between 9 and 14 years of age were included. YLPHIV were on antiretroviral therapy more than 6 months with viral load less than 400 copies/ml at baseline and 24 months. Serum biomarkers of systemic inflammation, monocyte activation, intestinal integrity, and oxidized LDL-cholesterol were measured at baseline and after 24 months. Endothelial function was measured at 24 months using reactive hyperemic index (RHI); endothelial dysfunction was defined as RHI less than 1.35. Spearman correlation coefficient and quantile regression were used to examine associations between RHI and different biomarkers.

resultsWe included 266 YLPHIV and 69 HIV- participants. At baseline, median (Q1, Q3) age was 12 (11, 13) years and 53% were females. YLPHIV had poorer endothelial function compared with HIV- youth (RHI = 1.36 vs. 1.52, P < 0.01). At baseline and 24 months, YLPHIV had higher markers of monocyte activation (soluble CD14), gut barrier dysfunction (intestinal fatty acid binding protein) and oxidized LDL-cholesterol (P ≤ 0.04) compared with HIV- youth. Among YLPHIV, soluble CD14 remained associated with endothelial dysfunction after adjusting for age, sex, Tanner stage, and antiretroviral therapy duration (β: -0.05, P = 0.01).

conclusionDespite viral suppression, South African YLPHIV have poor endothelial function and persistent evidence of monocyte activation and gut barrier dysfunction compared with HIV- youth. The long-term clinical significance of gut integrity and monocyte activation needs to be further assessed in YLPHIV.

Indexed as

Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeAdolescentAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesChildEndotheliumEndothelium, VascularFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansIntestinal MucosaLymphocyte ActivationMaleMonocytesSouth AfricaBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID32769763
PMCPMC9390079

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.