Observational studyBMJ open diabetes research & care2020
Performance of the Eversense versus the Free Style Libre Flash glucose monitor during exercise and normal daily activities in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Observational study in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-invasive and minimally invasive glucose monitoring devices: a systematic review and meta-analysis on diagnostic accuracy of hypoglycaemia detection.Systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Decision accuracy of simultaneously used real-time CGM versus intermittently scanned CGM around exercise in type 1 diabetes: A secondary analysis of the ULTRAFLEXI-1 study.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Article
- Managing discordance between HbADiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Review
- Aerobic exercise decreases interstitial glucose concentrations up to 2 h after exercise in dogs with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus: a preliminary study.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Head-to-Head Evaluation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Automated Insulin Delivery Systems: Why are They not Used More Systematically?Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024Article
- Accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring during exercise-related hypoglycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Clinical Performance Evaluation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems: A Scoping Review and Recommendations for Reporting.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2023Article
- To Use or Not to Use a Self-monitoring of Blood Glucose System? Real-world Flash Glucose Monitoring Patterns Using a Cluster Analysis of the FGM-Japan Study.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2023Article
- Current Technologies for Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Their Impact on Quality of Life-A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- 2022: Position of Brazilian Diabetes Society on exercise recommendations for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2023Review
- Article
- Accuracy of CGM Systems During Continuous and Interval Exercise in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022Article
- Glucose Oxidase, an Enzyme "Ferrari": Its Structure, Function, Production and Properties in the Light of Various Industrial and Biotechnological Applications.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Race Across America: First Athlete With Type 1 Diabetes to Finish Solo With Diabetes Technology Support.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2022Article
- Products for Monitoring Glucose Levels in the Human Body With Noninvasive Optical, Noninvasive Fluid Sampling, or Minimally Invasive Technologies.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022Review
- Glycopenia - induced sympathoadrenal activation in diabetes mellitus and uncontrolled arterial hypertension: an observational study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAccurate blood glucose measurements are important in persons with diabetes during normal daily activities (NDA), even more so during exercise. We aimed to investigate the performance of fluorescence sensor-based and glucose oxidase-based interstitial glucose measurement during (intensive) exercise and NDA. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsProspective, observational study in 23 persons with type 1 diabetes when mountain biking for 6 days, followed by 6 days of NDA. Readings of the Eversense (fluorescence-based continuous glucose monitoring (CGM); subcutaneously implanted) and of the Free Style Libre (FSL; glucose oxidase-based flash glucose monitoring (FGM); transcutaneously placed) were compared with capillary glucose levels (Free Style Libre Precision NeoPro strip (FSLCstrip)).
resultsMean average differences (MAD) and mean average relative differences (MARD) were significantly different when comparing exercise with NDA (reference FSLCstrip); Eversense MAD 25±19 vs 17±6 mg/dL (p<0.001); MARD 17±6 vs 13%±6% (p<0.01) and FSL MAD 32±17 vs 18±8 mg/dL (p<0.01); MARD 20±7 vs 12%±5% (p<0.001).When analyzing the data according to the Integrated Continuous Glucose Monitoring Approvals (class II-510(K) guidelines), the overall performance of interstitial glucose readings within 20% of the FSLCstrip during exercise compared with NDA was 69% vs 81% for the Eversense and 59% vs 83% for the FSL, respectively. Within 15% of the FSLCstrip was 59% vs 70% for the Eversense and 46% vs 71% for the FSL.
conclusionsDuring exercise, both fluorescence and glucose oxidase-based interstitial glucose measurements (using Eversense and FSL sensors) were less accurate compared with measurements during NDA. Even when acknowledging the beneficial effects of CGM or FGM, users should be aware of the risk of diminished accuracy of interstitial glucose readings during (intensive) exercise.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.