Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32794385›Full record

Observational studyDiabetes & metabolism journal2021

Efficacy and Safety of Treatment with Quadruple Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multi-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study.

Jun Sung Moon, Sunghwan Suh, Sang Soo Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Jeong Mi Kim, Min Hee Jang, Kyung Ae Lee, Ju Hyung Lee, Seung Min Chung, Young Sang Lyu and 21 more

Open access · goldAbstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Diabetes & metabolism journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
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  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

31 authors at 11 institutions in 1 country.

Jun Sung Moon *Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Sunghwan Suh *Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Sang Soo KimDepartment of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
Heung Yong JinDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
Jeong Mi KimDepartment of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
Min Hee JangDepartment of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
Kyung Ae LeeDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
Ju Hyung LeeDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
Seung Min ChungDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Young Sang LyuDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.
Jin Hwa KimDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.
Sang Yong KimDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.
Jung Eun JangDepartment of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Tae Nyun KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Sung Woo KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Eonju JeonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Nan Hee ChoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Mi-Kyung KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Hye Soon KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Il Seong Nam-GoongDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea.
Eun Sook KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea.
Jin Ook ChungDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
Dong-Hyeok ChoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
Chang Won LeeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Busan St. Mary's Hospital, Busan, Korea.
Young Il KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Dong Jin ChungDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
Kyu Chang WonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
In Joo KimDepartment of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
Tae Sun ParkDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
Duk Kyu KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
Hosang ShonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Daegu Catholic University · KRChonnam National University · KRChosun University Hospital · KRJeonbuk National University Hospital · KRKeimyung University Dongsan Medical Center · KRYeungnam University CollegeDong-A University · KRInje University · KRPusan National University Hospital · KRUlsan College · KRJeonbuk National University · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOnly few studies have shown the efficacy and safety of glucose-control strategies using the quadruple drug combination. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of the quadruple combination therapy with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

methodsFrom March 2014 to December 2018, data of patients with T2DM, who were treated with quadruple hypoglycemic medications for over 12 months in 11 hospitals in South Korea, were reviewed retrospectively. We compared glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels before and 12 months after quadruple treatment with OHAs. The safety, maintenance rate, and therapeutic patterns after failure of the quadruple therapy were also evaluated.

resultsIn total, 357 patients were enrolled for quadruple OHA therapy, and the baseline HbA1c level was 9.0%±1.3% (74.9±14.1 mmol/mol). After 12 months, 270 patients (75.6%) adhered to the quadruple therapy and HbA1c was significantly reduced from 8.9%±1.2% to 7.8%±1.3% (mean change, -1.1%±1.2%; P<0.001). The number of patients with HbA1c <7% increased significantly from 5 to 68 (P<0.005). In addition, lipid profiles and liver enzyme levels were also improved whereas no changes in body weight. There was no significant safety issue in patients treated with quadruple OHA therapy.

conclusionThis study shows the therapeutic efficacy of the quadruple OHA regimen T2DM and demonstrates that it can be an option for the management of T2DM patients who cannot use insulin or reject injectable therapy.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Blood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsRetrospective StudiesBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsDiabetes mellitus, type 2Drug therapy, combinationHypoglycemic agentsInjectionsInsulin

Identifiers

PMID32794385
PMCPMC8497923
OpenAlexW3048471512

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.