SynthesisHead and neck pathology2021
ACE2 & TMPRSS2 Expressions in Head & Neck Tissues: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Head and neck pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 by renin-angiotensin system inhibitors. Truth or myth? A systematic review of animal studies.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2021Pooled it
- Tissue-specific alterations in ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression following gender-affirming hormone therapy: a preliminary study.Endocrine · 2026Article
- Post-Acute Nasal Expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2, FURIN, and NRP1 in Relation to COVID-19 Severity: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations Between Nasal Receptors and Olfactory Dysfunction and Dysgeusia in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations to Personalize Nasal Irrigations.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 and Dysphagia: A Retrospective Analysis of COVID-19 Patients with Swallowing Disorders.Dysphagia · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2, periodontal pathogens, and host factors: The trinity of oral post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.Reviews in medical virology · 2024Review
- Pathological changes in oral epithelium and the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors, ACE2 and furin.PloS one · 2024Article
- Neuroprotective Agents with Therapeutic Potential for COVID-19.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- SARS-Cov-2 Cycle Threshold Value and Olfactory Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients.Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology · 2023Article
- Screening for oropharyngeal dysphagia in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a prospective study.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Testing of the Maxillary Sinus Immediately after COVID-19 Recovery.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2023Article
- The Latest Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of COVID-19 on Non-Lung Organs.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Pediatric COVID-19 Involving Complicated Sinusitis With Intracranial Extension and Lemierre Syndrome: A Case Report.Cureus · 2023Article
- Long-term Consequences of COVID-19: Chemosensory Disorders.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2023Review
- Knockout of angiotensin converting enzyme-2 receptor leads to morphological aberrations in rodent olfactory centers and dysfunctions associated with sense of smell.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- The Trajectories of Olfactory Dysfunction from the First to the Omicron Wave: Are We Getting over it?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- COVID-19 is associated with oropharyngeal dysphagia and malnutrition in hospitalized patients during the spring 2020 wave of the pandemic.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2022Observational
- Post-Viral Olfactory Loss: What We Learned from the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Gustatory Dysfunction: A Highly Specific and Smell-Independent Symptom of COVID-19.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 9 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To review the data regarding the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine-2 (TMPRSS2) in head and neck tissue. Scopus, Cochrane Library, Medrxiv, Google Scholar and PubMED/MEDLINE were searched by four independent investigators for studies investigating ACE2 or TMPRSS2 expressions in head and neck tissues. The following outcomes were considered: sample origin (animal versus human); detection method; anatomical location and cell types. PRISMA checklist and modified population, intervention, comparison, outcome, timing and setting (PICOTS) framework were used to perform the review. Of the 24 identified studies, 17 met our inclusion criteria. Thirteen studies were conducted during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were expressed in oral, pharyngeal, sinusonasal human mucosa. The following cell types expressed ACE2: basal, apical, goblet, minor salivary, and endothelial cells. TMPRSS2 was found in goblet and apical respiratory cells. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were found in the olfactory region, especially in sustentacular non-neural and neural stem cells. Animal studies suggested that ACE2 expression may vary regarding age. There was an important heterogeneity between studies in the methods used to detect ACE2 and TMPRSS2, leading to a potential identification bias. The SARS-CoV-2 receptors, ACE2 and TMPRSS2, are both expressed in many head and neck tissues, enabling the viral entry into the host organism.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.