SynthesisNutrients2020
Effects of both Pro- and Synbiotics in Liver Surgery and Transplantation with Special Focus on the Gut-Liver Axis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beneficial Impacts of pre- and Postoperative Probiotics/Synbiotics Supplementation in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Surgeries: An Umbrella Meta-Analysis.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Pooled it
- Value of Probiotics on Outcome in Patients Following Liver Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on the length of hospital stays and risk of postoperative mortality in patients undergoing surgery: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials.European journal of medical research · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota and postoperative delirium: mechanistic integration of the "gut-liver-anesthesia axis" in the context of liver disease and perioperative intervention strategies.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota, liver disease, and perioperative anesthesia: interactions, risks, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Post-liver transplantation bacterial infection: current status, prevention and treatment.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- The role of gut barrier dysfunction in postoperative complications in liver transplantation: pathophysiological and therapeutic considerations.Infection · 2024Review
- Microbiota and Gut-Liver Axis: An Unbreakable Bond?Current microbiology · 2024Review
- Updated Insights into Probiotics and Hepatobiliary Diseases.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Role of the immune system in liver transplantation and its implications for therapeutic interventions.MedComm · 2023Review
- Gut Microbiome-Based Therapeutics in Critically Ill Adult Patients-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Why Give My Surgical Patients Probiotics.Nutrients · 2022Article
- The role of gut microbiota in liver regeneration.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Influences of Oral Administration of Probiotics on Posthepatectomy Recovery in Patients in Child-Pugh Grade.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Article
- Effects of Perioperative Probiotics and Synbiotics on Pancreaticoduodenectomy Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The gut-liver axis is of upmost importance for the development of infections after surgery. Further bacterial translocation due to surgery-related dysbiosis is associated with limited detoxification function of the liver compromising outcome of surgical therapy. After liver surgery, about 30% of patients develop a bacterial infection, with the risk of bacteremia or even sepsis-associated liver failure and mortality in >40%. The potential benefit of pro-/synbiotics given before surgery is still under debate. Thus, a systematic literature search on trials comparing patients with or without supplementation and outcome after liver resection or transplantation was performed. Our search strategy revealed 12 relevant studies on perioperative administration of pro-/synbiotics in liver surgery. The pro-/synbiotic combinations and concentrations as well as administration timeframes differed between studies. Five studies were performed in liver transplantation and 7 in liver resection. All studies but one reported lower infection rates (pooled RR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.31-0.67) with pro-/synbiotics. Liver function was assessed after LT/LR in 3 and 5 studies, respectively. Pro-/synbiotics improved function in 1/3 and 2/5 studies, respectively. Concluding, perioperative pro-/synbiotics clearly reduce infection after liver surgery. However, standard protocols with both well-defined probiotic strain preparations and administration timeframes are pending.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.