Trial reportThe Lancet. Digital health2020
Evening and overnight closed-loop control versus 24/7 continuous closed-loop control for type 1 diabetes: a randomised crossover trial.
Trial report in The Lancet. Digital health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02679287 (Project Nightlight), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Project Nightlight: Efficacy and System Acceptance of Dinner/Night vs. 24hr Closed Loop Control
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Better TIR, HbA1c, and less hypoglycemia in closed-loop insulin system in patients with type 1 diabetes: a meta-analysis.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2022Pooled it
- Automated Insulin Delivery with SGLT2i Combination Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2022Trial
- The Impact of a Recently Approved Automated Insulin Delivery System on Glycemic, Sleep, and Psychosocial Outcomes in Older Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Study.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022Trial
- Lived Experience of Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Versus Hybrid Closed-Loop: Patient-Reported Outcomes and Perspectives.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2021Trial
- Glycemic Outcomes of Use of CLC Versus PLGS in Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Diabetes care · 2020Trial
- Daytime and nighttime glycemic control with control-IQ technology vs. standard therapy in type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis and GRADE assessment.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- Human-machine co-adaptation to automated insulin delivery: a randomised clinical trial using digital twin technology.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Evidence from clinical trials on high-risk medical devices in children: a scoping review.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Utility and precision evidence of technology in the treatment of type 1 diabetes: a systematic review.Communications medicine · 2023Article
- Effectiveness and safety of a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm for an artificial pancreas system in outpatients with type 1 diabetes (T1D): systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2022Review
- Lived experience of CamAPS FX closed loop system in youth with type 1 diabetes and their parents.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Article
- One Year Real-World Use of the Control-IQ Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Technology.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2021Article
- Article
- Closed-loop control in insulin pumps for type-1 diabetes mellitus: safety and efficacy.Expert review of medical devices · 2020Review
- Artificial Intelligence in Decision Support Systems for Type 1 Diabetes.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Automated closed-loop control (CLC), known as the "artificial pancreas" is emerging as a treatment option for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), generally superior to sensor-augmented insulin pump (SAP) treatment. It is postulated that evening-night (E-N) CLC may account for most of the benefits of 24-7 CLC; however, a direct comparison has not been done. Methods: In this trial (NCT02679287), adults with T1D were randomised 1:1 to two groups, which followed different sequences of four 8-week sessions, resulting in two crossover designs comparing SAP vs E-N CLC and E-N CLC vs 24-7 CLC, respectively. Eligibility: T1D for at least 1 year, using an insulin pump for at least six months, ages 18 years or older. Primary hypothesis: E-N CLC compared to SAP will decrease percent time <70mg/dL (3.9mmol/L) measured by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) without deterioration in HbA Findings: Ninety-three participants were randomised and 80 were included in the analysis, ages 18-69 years; HbA1c levels 5.4-10.6%; 66% female. Compared to SAP, E-N CLC reduced overall time <70mg/dL from 4.0% to 2.2% () resulting in an absolute difference of 1.8% (95%CI: 1.2-2.4%), p<0.0001. This was accompanied by overall reduction in HbA Interpretation: In type 1 diabetes, evening-night closed-loop control was superior to sensor-augmented pump therapy, achieving most of the glycaemic benefits of 24-7 closed-loop.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.