ArticleAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry2020
Comparison of phytochemical composition of Ginkgo biloba extracts using a combination of non-targeted and targeted analytical approaches.
Article in Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Study of the pharmacokinetics of Ginkgolide J in rats by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- An exploratory evaluation of the interaction risk between herbal products and pharmaceutical medicines used concurrently for disease management in Blantyre, Malawi.Pharmaceutical biology · 2025Article
- Dual Biopolymer Layer Using Nanoparticles with Active Substance Enclosed in Microcapsules: Innovative Solution for Slow Release ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Natural drug delivery systems for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Advancing botanical safety: A strategy for selecting, sourcing, and characterizing botanicals for developing toxicological tools.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2024Article
- Non-targeted chemical analysis of consumer botanical products labeled as blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides), goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis), or yohimbe bark (Pausinystalia yohimbe) by NMR and MS.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Potential pharmacokinetic interactions with concurrent use of herbal medicines and a ritonavir-boosted COVID-19 protease inhibitor in low and middle-income countries.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Phytochemical Profiles and Biological Studies of Selected Botanical Dietary Supplements Used in the United States.Progress in the chemistry of organic natural products · 2023Article
- Wildfire Variable Toxicity: Identifying Biomass Smoke Exposure Groupings through Transcriptomic Similarity Scoring.Environmental science & technology · 2022Article
- What if using certified reference materials (CRMs) was a requirement to publish in analytical/bioanalytical chemistry journals?Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2022Article
- Article
- Working with the natural complexity: Selection and characterization of black cohosh root extract for use in toxicology testing.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2022Article
- Development of the InTelligence And Machine LEarning (TAME) Toolkit for Introductory Data Science, Chemical-Biological Analyses, Predictive Modeling, and Database Mining for Environmental Health Research.Frontiers in toxicology · 2022Article
- Tissue-Protective Mechanisms of Bioactive Phytochemicals in Flap Surgery.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Letter to the Editor regarding "Comparison of phytochemical composition of Ginkgo biloba extracts using a combination of non-targeted and targeted analytical approaches".Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2021Article
- The Importance of Reference Materials and Method Validation for Advancing Research on the Health Effects of Dietary Supplements and Other Natural Products.Frontiers in nutrition · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) is a dietary supplement derived from an ethanolic extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves. Unfinished bulk GbE is used to make finished products that are sold as dietary supplements. The variable, complex composition of GbE makes it difficult to obtain consistent toxicological assessments of potential risk. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) observed hepatotoxicity in its rodent studies of a commercially available, unfinished GbE product, but the application of these results to the broader GbE supplement market is unclear. Here, we use a combination of non-targeted and targeted chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods to obtain profiles of 24 commercially available finished GbE products and unfinished standardized and unstandardized extracts with and without hydrolysis, then used principal component analysis to group unfinished products according to their similarity to each other and to National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard reference materials (SRM), and the finished products. Unfinished products were grouped into those that were characteristic and uncharacteristic of standardized GbE. Our work demonstrates that different analytical approaches produced similar classifications of characteristic and uncharacteristic products in unhydrolyzed samples, but the distinctions largely disappeared once the samples were hydrolyzed. Using our approach, the NTP GbE was most similar to two unfinished GbE products classified as characteristic, finished products, and the NIST GbE SRM. We propose that a simple analysis for the presence, absence, or amounts of compounds unique to GbE in unhydrolyzed samples could be sufficient to determine a sample's authenticity.Graphical abstract.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.