ReviewEating and weight disorders : EWD2021
The obesity paradox and diabetes.
Review in Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nonlinear association of triglyceride-glucose body mass index with all-cause mortality in postmenopausal women, a retrospective cohort study: Evidence from the 2001 to 2014 National Health and nutrition examination survey.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Role of ChREBP-PPARα-FGF21 Axis in Metabolic Dysfunction of MASLD.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Obesity paradox: association between lipid metabolism indices and skeletal muscle mass in older adults: the mediating role of uric acid.Acta diabetologica · 2025Article
- Association Between Trunk Fat Mass Index and Diabetes in a Multinational Population.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2025Article
- Biomarkers and Clinical Evaluation in the Detection of Frailty.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Sedentary behavior mediates the association between weight-adjusted waist index and cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes.PloS one · 2025Article
- Association between weight-adjusted waist index and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Article
- Association of body mass index and long-term mortality in patients from nationwide LIPIDOGRAM 2004-2015 cohort studies: no obesity paradox?Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- Body mass index and risk of all-cause mortality among elderly Chinese: An empirical cohort study based on CLHLS data.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Normal-weight visceral obesity promotes a higher 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus-a multicenter study in China.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- The association of asthma duration with body mass index and Weight-Adjusted-Waist index in a nationwide study of the U.S. adults.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Article
- Body mass index and death by cognitive impairment.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Article
- Visceral fat and attribute-based medicine in chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Body mass index versus surrogate measures of central adiposity as independent predictors of mortality in type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Article
- Predicting Risk of Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes by Electronic Health Record-Based Machine Learning: Development and Validation.JMIR medical informatics · 2022Article
- Gut microbiome: Linking together obesity, bariatric surgery and associated clinical outcomes under a single focus.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2022Review
- Hypertension modifies the associations of body mass index and waist circumference with all-cause mortality among older Chinese: a retrospective cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- The global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to high body mass index in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- The Relationship Between BMI and Lung Function in Populations with Different Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on the Enjoying Breathing Program in China.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundObesity has been proven to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through numerous pathogenetic mechanisms. Unexpectedly, some studies suggest that subjects with overweight/obesity and T2DM have better clinical outcome than their normal weight peers. This finding is described as "obesity paradox" and calls into question the importance of weight loss in this specific population.
objectiveThis article is a narrative overview on the obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly regarding the obesity paradox in T2DM patients.
methodsWe used as sources MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, from inception to March 2020; we chose 30 relevant papers regarding the association of obesity with clinical outcome and mortality of patients affected by T2DM.
resultsMany studies report that in patients with T2DM, overweight and obesity are associated with a better prognosis than underweight or normal weight, suggesting the presence of an obesity paradox. However, these studies have numerous limitations due to their mainly retrospective nature and to numerous confounding factors, such as associated pathologies, antidiabetic treatments, smoking habit, lack of data about distribution of body fat or weight history.
conclusionLiterature data regarding the phenomenon of obesity paradox in T2DM patients are controversial due to the several limitations of the studies; therefore in the management of patients with overweight/obesity and T2DM is recommended referring to the established guidelines, which indicate diet and physical activity as the cornerstone of the treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V: narrative review.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.