ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2020
Lower CSF homovanillic acid relates to higher burden of neuroinflammation and depression in people with HIV disease.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Systematic Review of Common Mental Health Disorders in Adults Living with HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Migration of CD8 + TSCM cells into intestine via PPBP-CXCR2 axis increases host stress susceptibility by inhibiting gut microbiome-derived homovanillic acid.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis of HIV-associated depression: contributing factors and underlying mechanisms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Is There such a Thing as Post-Viral Depression?: Implications for Precision Medicine.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Changes in cerebrospinal fluid proteins across the spectrum of untreated and treated chronic HIV-1 infection.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Accelerated aging in people living with HIV: The neuroimmune feedback model.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Bidirectional Relationship between HIV/HBV Infection and Comorbid Depression and/or Anxiety: A Systematic Review on Shared Biological Mechanisms.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- Cerebrospinal fluid levels of 5-HIAA and dopamine in people with HIV and depression.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
- Biomarkers of central and peripheral inflammation mediate the association between HIV and depressive symptoms.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Signatures of HIV and Major Depressive Disorder in the Plasma Microbiome.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Depression and HIV: a scoping review in search of neuroimmune biomarkers.Brain communications · 2023Article
- The comorbidity of depression and neurocognitive disorder in persons with HIV infection: call for investigation and treatment.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Deprenyl reduces inflammation during acute SIV infection.iScience · 2022Article
- Relationship of the balloon analog risk task to neurocognitive impairment differs by HIV serostatus and history of major depressive disorder.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Article
- Dopamine Receptors: Is It Possible to Become a Therapeutic Target for Depression?Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Astrocyte Activation is A Potential Mechanism Underlying Depressed Mood and Apathy in People with HIV.Journal of neurology and psychology · 2022Article
- Soluble Biomarkers of Cognition and Depression in Adults with HIV Infection in the Combination Therapy Era.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- HIV-Associated Apathy/Depression and Neurocognitive Impairments Reflect Persistent Dopamine Deficits.Cells · 2021Review
- Chronically elevated depressive symptoms interact with acute increases in inflammation to predict worse neurocognition among people with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV-related neuroinflammation has been proposed as a catalyst for dopaminergic dysregulation in mesocortical pathways, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of depression. Abnormalities in dopaminergic neurotransmission and depression are common in people with HIV (PWH), however the link between dopamine (DA) and depression in PWH is poorly characterized. This study investigated CSF dopaminergic biomarkers, specifically DA and its metabolite, homovanillic acid (HVA), and examined their relationship with depressive symptoms and CSF neuroinflammatory markers in PWH and HIV-seronegative (HIV-) individuals.
methodsParticipants were 102 HIV- individuals and 123 PWH (mean age = 42) who underwent neuropsychiatric evaluations and lumbar puncture. Current depression severity was classified using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). CSF was assayed for DA and HVA using high performance liquid chromatography and neuroinflammatory markers using immunoassays. Linear regressions modelled BDI-II scores as a function of HIV, dopaminergic biomarker z-scores, and their interaction, controlling for psychosocial factors. Correlational analyses examined dopaminergic and neuroinflammatory relationships.
resultsPWH had significantly higher BDI-II scores than HIV- participants. DA and HVA were not associated with HIV status but both significantly moderated the effect of HIV on BDI-II scores, such that PWH exhibited higher depressive symptoms than HIV- participants only at lower concentrations of HVA (z ≤ 0.06) and DA (z ≤ 0.11). In PWH only, lower HVA significantly correlated with higher BDI-II scores and higher neuroinflammation, including higher MCP-1 and IP-10.
conclusionsResults suggest that the pathophysiology of depression in PWH differs from that in HIV- individuals. Specifically, lower central dopaminergic activity was selectively associated with greater depressive symptoms and neuroinflammation in PWH. With the rise in consideration of DA agonists for the treatment of depression, these results suggest that PWH may show a greater response to these agents than their HIV- peers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.