Observational studyScientific reports2020
Obesity attenuates the effect of sleep apnea on active TGF-ß1 levels and tumor aggressiveness in patients with melanoma.
Observational study in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- TGF‑β1 in obstructive sleep apnea: linking intermittent hypoxia, upper‑airway remodeling, and systemic comorbidities.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Review
- Cancer and obstructive sleep apnea.Chinese medical journal · 2025Article
- Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Hypoxemic Respiratory Diseases and Their Comorbidities: Molecular Insights and Diagnostic Advances in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Sleep Apnea.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- SMAD4 Expression in Monocytes as a Potential Biomarker for Atherosclerosis Risk in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Potential Pathophysiological Pathways in the Complex Relationships between OSA and Cancer.Cancers · 2023Review
- Screening of plasma exosomal lncRNAs to identify potential biomarkers for obstructive sleep apnea.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Hypoxia in Cancer and Fibrosis: Part of the Problem and Part of the Solution.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 18 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Active transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), a cytokine partially regulated by hypoxia and obesity, has been related with poor prognosis in several tumors. We determine whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increases serum levels of active TGF-β1 in patients with cutaneous melanoma (CM), assess their relationship with melanoma aggressiveness and analyze the factors related to TGF-β1 levels in obese and non-obese OSA patients. In a multicenter observational study, 290 patients with CM were underwent sleep studies. TGF-β1 was increased in moderate-severe OSA patients vs. non-OSA or mild OSA patients with CM. In OSA patients, TGF-β1 levels correlated with mitotic index, Breslow index and melanoma growth rate, and were increased in presence of ulceration or higher Clark levels. In CM patients, OSA was associated with higher TGF-β1 levels and greater melanoma aggressiveness only in non-obese subjects. An in vitro model showed that IH-induced increases of TGF-β1 expression in melanoma cells is attenuated in the presence of high leptin levels. In conclusion, TGF-β1 levels are associated with melanoma aggressiveness in CM patients and increased in moderate-severe OSA. Moreover, in non-obese patients with OSA, TGF-β1 levels correlate with OSA severity and leptin levels, whereas only associate with leptin levels in obese OSA patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.