Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33024982›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2020

Geospatial Analysis of Individual and Community-Level Socioeconomic Factors Impacting SARS-CoV-2 Prevalence and Outcomes.

Sara J Cromer, Chirag M Lakhani, Deborah J Wexler, Sherri-Ann M Burnett-Bowie, Miriam Udler, Chirag J Patel

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sara J CromerDiabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.
Chirag M LakhaniHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Deborah J WexlerDiabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.
Sherri-Ann M Burnett-BowieHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.
Miriam UdlerDiabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114.
Chirag J PatelHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.

Funding

TRAINING PROGRAM IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND DIABETEST32DK007028 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Karen K Miller · 1986 to 2026
$18.5M
Data science tools to identify robust exposure-phenotype associations for precision medicineR01ES032470 · NIEHS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI MANRAI, ARJUN KUMAR, PATEL, CHIRAG J. · 2021 to 2025
$3.5M
Harvard Training Program in Bioinformatics Applied to Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.T32DK110919 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI FLOREZ, JOSE CARLOS, PATEL, CHIRAG J. · 2017 to 2021
$1.3M
NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007028NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK110919NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES032470
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has disproportionately affected racial and ethnic minority communities across the United States. We sought to disentangle individual and census tract-level sociodemographic and economic factors associated with these disparities. Methods and Findings: All adults tested for SARS-CoV-2 between February 1 and June 21, 2020 were geocoded to a census tract based on their address; hospital employees and individuals with invalid addresses were excluded. Individual (age, sex, race/ethnicity, preferred language, insurance) and census tract-level (demographics, insurance, income, education, employment, occupation, household crowding and occupancy, built home environment, and transportation) variables were analyzed using linear mixed models predicting infection, hospitalization, and death from SARS-CoV-2.Among 57,865 individuals, per capita testing rates, individual (older age, male sex, non-White race, non-English preferred language, and non-private insurance), and census tract-level (increased population density, higher household occupancy, and lower education) measures were associated with likelihood of infection. Among those infected, individual age, sex, race, language, and insurance, and census tract-level measures of lower education, more multi-family homes, and extreme household crowding were associated with increased likelihood of hospitalization, while higher per capita testing rates were associated with decreased likelihood. Only individual-level variables (older age, male sex, Medicare insurance) were associated with increased mortality among those hospitalized. Conclusions: This study of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in a major U.S. city presents the cascade of outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection within a large, multi-ethnic cohort. SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization rates, but not death rates among those hospitalized, are related to census tract-level socioeconomic characteristics including lower educational attainment and higher household crowding and occupancy, but not neighborhood measures of race, independent of individual factors.

Identifiers

PMID33024982
PMCPMC7536884

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.