Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33040063›Full record

ReviewMedical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre2021

Clinical Effects of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors in Hyperuricemic Patients.

Arrigo F G Cicero, Federica Fogacci, Raffaele Ivan Cincione, Giuliano Tocci, Claudio Borghi

Open access · diamondAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
7.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Arrigo F G CiceroHypertension Research Unit, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, arrigo.cicero@unibo.it.
Federica FogacciHypertension Research Unit, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Raffaele Ivan CincioneDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
Giuliano TocciHypertension Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Claudio BorghiHypertension Research Unit, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi · ITIstituto Neurologico Mediterraneo · ITUniversity of Bologna · ITUniversity of Foggia · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This review aims to critically present the available clinical evidence supporting the treatment of chronic hyperuricemia with xanthine oxidase inhibitors. For this reason, the studies published on uric acid (UA)-lowering drugs in the English language from 2000 to August 2019 have been carefully reviewed. The terms "serum uric acid," "xanthine oxidase," "allopurinol," "febuxostat," and "topiroxostat" were incorporated into an electronic search strategy, alone and in combinations, in both MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD) and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). Even if new urate-lowering drugs seem of particular efficacy for acute treatment of refractory hyperuricemia, their use is supported by relatively small clinical evidence. On the contrary, large long-term clinical trials have demonstrated that xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs, namely, allopurinol and febuxostat) are effective, safe, and relatively well-tolerated in most of the patients. They have mainly been tested in the elderly, in patients affected by chronic diseases such as heart failure and cancer, and in patients taking a large number of drugs, confirming their safety profile. Recent data also show that they could exert some positive effects on vascular health, renal function, and glucose metabolism. Their cost is also low. In conclusion, XOIs remain the first choice of UA-lowering drug for chronic treatment.

Indexed as

AllopurinolBenzaldehydesChronic DiseaseComorbidityFebuxostatGout SuppressantsHumansHyperuricemiaNitrilesPyridinesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicXanthine Oxidase3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrobenzaldehydeAllopurinolBenzaldehydesFebuxostatFYX-051Gout SuppressantsNitrilesPyridinesXanthine OxidaseHyperuricemiaUric acidUric acid-lowering drugsXanthine oxidase inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID33040063
PMCPMC8114083
OpenAlexW3092170172

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.