ArticleHealth & place2020
Associations between neighborhood park space and cognition in older adults vary by US location: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
Article in Health & place, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of neighborhood built environment on cognitive function in older adults: a systematic review.BMC geriatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Assessing racial disparities in dementia-related vulnerabilities: a machine learning analysis of social, environmental, and climate factors.Ethnicity & health · 2026Article
- Mixtures of key components of the external exposome in association with MRI biomarkers of brain structure: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Measuring "third places": Comparing neighborhood data for cognitive health research.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Cognability across adulthood: A qualitative investigation of neighborhoods and cognitive health behaviors.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with multiple cognitive domains in a community sample of older adults.Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2025Article
- Pathways to Racial/Ethnic Inequalities in Dementia.Annual review of clinical psychology · 2025Review
- Does cognitive capital reduce the risk of cognitive decline in later life?Innovation in aging · 2025Article
- Structural and social determinants of health: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.PloS one · 2024Article
- Social Determinants of Health, Risk and Resilience against Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias: The Healthy Brain Initiative.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Article
- Perceptions of greenspace and social determinants of health across the life course: The Life Course Sociodemographics and Neighborhood Questionnaire (LSNEQ).Health & place · 2023Article
- Diversity of Studies on Neighborhood Greenspace and Brain Health by Racialized/Ethnic Group and Geographic Region: A Rapid Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Neighborhood 'Disamenities': local barriers and cognitive function among Black and white aging adults.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Green spaces and the impact on cognitive frailty: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Cognability: An Ecological Theory of neighborhoods and cognitive aging.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Article
- Neighborhood active aging infrastructure and cognitive function: A mixed-methods study of older Americans.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Associations between neighborhood greenspace and brain imaging measures in non-demented older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2021Article
- Methods to Address Self-Selection and Reverse Causation in Studies of Neighborhood Environments and Brain Health.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Associations Between Neighborhood Park Access and Longitudinal Change in Cognition in Older Adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We used cross-sectional Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis data from six US cities/counties and adjusted multilevel linear regression to examine park space-cognition associations among non-demented older adults (n = 4084). We found that greater neighborhood park space 1-mile around the residence (measured continuously) was associated with better processing speed in the overall sample (estimate: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.92). However, greater neighborhood park space (½-mile around residence) was associated with worse global cognition in Los Angeles, California (estimate: -2.66; 95% CI: -4.70, -0.62) and worse processing speed in Forsyth County, North Carolina (estimate: -0.72; 95% CI: -1.37, -0.08). Dichotomizing at the mean, having ≥6% park space (½-mile around residence) was associated with better global cognition in Saint Paul, Minnesota (estimate: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.38), and better processing speed in New York City (estimate: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.35). Park space-cognition associations varied by city/county, suggesting problems with pooling multiple sites without accounting for geographic context or regionally-varying park characteristics (e.g., quality).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.