ReviewCancers2020
The Confounders of Cancer Immunotherapy: Roles of Lifestyle, Metabolic Disorders and Sociological Factors.
Review in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the treatment of recurrent and refractory ovarian cancer: A systematic review and a meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Liposomal drug delivery for lung cancer therapy: progress, challenges, and future perspectives.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Membrane-derived biomimetic nanovesicles in anti-tumor immunotherapy: Advances and outlook.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated arrhythmias: clinical challenges, artificial intelligence-enhanced monitoring, and management strategies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Epigenomic profiling of immune cell subtypes reveals H3K27ac-marked stress signatures after long-duration spaceflight.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Objective measurement of physical activity levels and patient-reported outcomes in cancer patients receiving immune-checkpoint inhibitors: a cross-sectional study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- The SPINK Protein Family in Cancer: Emerging Roles in Tumor Progression, Therapeutic Resistance, and Precision Oncology.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Immune-related genes can accurately predict survival in bladder cancer: a retrospective study via two independent immunotherapy cohorts.Translational andrology and urology · 2025Article
- Article
- Tumor mutational burden: why is it still a controversial agnostic immunotherapy biomarker?Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Review
- Association between Mediterranean diet and metabolic health status among adults was not mediated through serum adropin levels.BMC public health · 2025Observational
- Tumor-intrinsic CDC42BPB confers resistance to anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade in breast cancer.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Regorafenib combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors versus regorafenib monotherapy as a late-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: a single-center, retrospective cohort study.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Article
- Challenges and opportunities in cancer immunotherapy: a Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) strategic vision.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Review
- Gut microbial composition associated with risk of premature aging in women with Yin-deficiency constitution.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- The role of mitochondria in the resistance of melanoma to PD-1 inhibitors.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Challenges in the combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy for breast cancer.Expert review of anticancer therapy · 2023Review
- Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: The Gray Curtain of Immunotherapy and Spikes of Lights.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
- Metabolic Reprogramming and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Lymphoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Leading Edge: Intratumor Delivery of Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Solid Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy (CPI) is an effective treatment option for many types of cancers. Irrespective of its wide clinical implications, the overall efficacy remains unpredictable and even poor in certain pathologies such as breast cancer. Thus, it is imperative to understand the role of factors affecting its responsiveness. In this review, we provide an overview on the involvement of sociological factors, lifestyles and metabolic disorders in modulating the CPI response in patients from multiple malignancies. Lifestyle habits including exercise, and diet promoted therapeutic responsiveness while alcohol consumption mitigated the CPI effect by decreasing mutational burden and hampering antigen presentation by dendritic cells. Metabolic disorder such as obesity was recognized to enhance the PD-1 expression while diabetes and hypertension were consequences of CPI therapy rather than causes. Among the sociologic factors, sex and race positively influenced the CPI effectiveness on account of increased effector T cell activity and increased PD-1 expression while ageing impaired CPI responsiveness by decreasing functional T cell and increased toxicity. The combined effect of these factors was observed for obesity and gender, in which obese males had the most significant effect of CPI. Therefore these variables should be carefully considered before treating patients with CPI for optimal treatment outcome.
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.