ArticleLeukemia2021
Ethnic and geographic diversity of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
Article in Leukemia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- ComplexInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- IGHV mutational status and BCR stereotypy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A Turkish cohort analysis.Annals of hematology · 2026Article
- Understanding the impact of social determinants of health in hematology: a scoping review of trends across journals and over time.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Association of Galectin-9 Soluble Immune Checkpoint with Clinical Prognostic Markers in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Geography, Ancestry, Age and Sex Shape Somatic Autosomal Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations in Blood.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The Effect of Foot Reflexology on Sleep Quality in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Under Chemotherapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Integration of Germline and Somatic Variation Improves Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Risk Stratification.Cancer research · 2025Article
- [Application of next-generation sequencing technology for the investigation of immunoglobulin variable region characteristics and their prognostic significance in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2025Article
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Investigation of Survival and Prognostic Factors with Drug-Related Remission.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Advancing Leukemia Diagnosis and Treatment: WHO-Supported Laboratory Innovations in Africa- A Narrative Review.Blood and lymphatic cancer : targets and therapy · 2025Review
- Somatic Recombination Between an Ancient and a RecentInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Realizing precision medicine in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Remaining challenges and potential opportunities.HemaSphere · 2024Review
- Leukemic Stem Cells and Hematological Malignancies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- B Cell Subsets and Immune Checkpoint Expression in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Global miRNA profiling reveals key molecules that contribute to different chronic lymphocytic leukemia incidences in Asian and Western populations.Haematologica · 2024Article
- Unexpected chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cell activation by bisphosphonates.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Cost-effectiveness of acalabrutinib monotherapy or with obinutuzumab versus chemoimmunotherapy for untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia in China.Therapeutic advances in hematology · 2024Article
- Epidemiology, clinical characteristics and potential mechanism of ibrutinib-induced ventricular arrhythmias.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Ibrutinib versus bendamustine plus rituximab for first-line treatment of 65 or older patients with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia without del(17p)/TP53 mutation in China: a lifetime economic research study.BMC health services research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
East Asians, Asian Indians and Amerindians have a five to ten-fold lower age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) compared with persons of predominately European descent. The data we review suggest a genetic rather than environmental basis for this discordance. All these populations arose from a common African Black ancestor but different clades have different admixture with archaic hominins including Neanderthals, Denisovans and Homo erectus, which may explain different CLL incidences. There are also some differences in clinical laboratory and molecular co-variates of CLL between these populations. Because the true age-adjusted incidence rate in African Blacks is unknown it is not possible to determine whether modern Europeans acquired susceptibility to CLL or the other populations lost susceptibility and/or developed resistance to developing CLL. We also found other B-cell lymphomas and T- and NK-cell cancers had different incidences in the populations we studied. These data provide clues to determining the cause(s) of CLL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.