ArticleVaccine2020
Exploring the out of sight antigens of SARS-CoV-2 to design a candidate multi-epitope vaccine by utilizing immunoinformatics approaches.
Article in Vaccine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Computational design and molecular characterization of a multi-epitope peptide vaccine targeting pancreatic cancer.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization and immunoinformatics-based design of a multi-epitope vaccine against Staphylococcus nepalensis.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Article
- Immunoinformatics-driven design of a multi-epitope vaccine for effective protection against Machupo virus.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Multi-epitope vaccine targeting SARS-CoV-2 omicron S and N proteins promotes enhanced immunity: a computational approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Design, synthesis, and evaluation of A therapeutic vaccine candidate against lung cancer based on multi-epitopes of MAGE-A3, TGF-β2, and VEGF-A.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- The evaluation of a novel multi-epitope vaccine against human papillomavirus and Candida albicans.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Multi-Omics Analysis of the virulence factors and designing of next-generation multi-epitopes Vaccines against Rickettsia prowazekii: a computer-aided vaccine designing approach.Journal of computer-aided molecular design · 2025Article
- Immuno-informatics analyses of important esophageal cancer associated viruses for multi-epitope vaccine design.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Computational design of multi-epitope vaccine against Hepatitis C Virus infection using immunoinformatics techniques.PloS one · 2025Article
- Immunoinformatics-Aided Design of a Multiepitope Vaccine AgainstBioinformatics and biology insights · 2025Article
- Pan-vaccinomics strategy for developing a universal multi-epitope vaccine against endocarditis-related pathogens.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Designing a multi-epitope influenza vaccine: an immunoinformatics approach.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Novel prophylactic and therapeutic multi-epitope vaccine based on Ag85A, Ag85B, ESAT-6, and CFP-10 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using an immunoinformatics approach.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2024Article
- Immunoinformatics approach for design novel multi-epitope prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine based on capsid proteins L1 and L2 and oncoproteins E6 and E7 of human papillomavirus 16 and human papillomavirus 18 against cervical cancer.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2024Article
- Exploring the nuclear proteins, viral capsid protein, and early antigen protein using immunoinformatic and molecular modeling approaches to design a vaccine candidate against Epstein Barr virus.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Integrating pan-genome and reverse vaccinology to design multi-epitope vaccine against Herpes simplex virus type-1.3 Biotech · 2024Article
- Insights into structural vaccinology harnessed for universal coronavirus vaccine development.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2024Review
- Article
- In Silico Design of a Trans-Amplifying RNA-Based Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 Structural Proteins.Advances in virology · 2024Article
- Exploring structural antigens of yellow fever virus to design multi-epitope subunit vaccine candidate by utilizing an immuno-informatics approach.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 causes a severe respiratory disease called COVID-19. Currently, global health is facing its devastating outbreak. However, there is no vaccine available against this virus up to now. In this study, a novel multi-epitope vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 was designed to provoke both innate and adaptive immune responses. The immunodominant regions of six non-structural proteins (nsp7, nsp8, nsp9, nsp10, nsp12 and nsp14) of SARS-CoV-2 were selected by multiple immunoinformatic tools to provoke T cell immune response. Also, immunodominant fragment of the functional region of SARS-CoV-2 spike (400-510 residues) protein was selected for inducing neutralizing antibodies production. The selected regions' sequences were connected to each other by furin-sensitive linker (RVRR). Moreover, the functional region of β-defensin as a well-known agonist for the TLR-4/MD complex was added at the N-terminus of the vaccine using (EAAAK)3 linker. Also, a CD4 + T-helper epitope, PADRE, was used at the C-terminal of the vaccine by GPGPG and A(EAAAK)2A linkers to form the final vaccine construct. The physicochemical properties, allergenicity, antigenicity, functionality and population coverage of the final vaccine construct were analyzed. The final vaccine construct was an immunogenic, non-allergen and unfunctional protein which contained multiple CD8 + and CD4 + overlapping epitopes, IFN-γ inducing epitopes, linear and conformational B cell epitopes. It could form stable and significant interactions with TLR-4/MD according to molecular docking and dynamics simulations. Global population coverage of the vaccine for HLA-I and II were estimated 96.2% and 97.1%, respectively. At last, the final vaccine construct was reverse translated to design the DNA vaccine. Although the designed vaccine exhibited high efficacy in silico, further experimental validation is necessary.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.