ArticleJournal of diabetes research2020
Cognitive Reserve and Executive Functions in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.
Article in Journal of diabetes research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual task performance in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review with meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Pooled it
- Linking the heart and brain in type 2 diabetes: association between global longitudinal strain and cognitive function.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- A review of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cognitive impairment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- The effect of diabetes in the multifaceted relationship between education and cognitive function.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Late-life food insecurity and cognition: exploring timing, duration, and mechanisms among older Mexican adults.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Risk factors for cognitive dysfunction and glycemic management in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- The Relationship between Trait Impulsivity and Everyday Executive Functions among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Mediating Effect of Negative Emotions.Journal of diabetes research · 2023Article
- Differences in the Cognitive Function of Mexican Adults Aged 60 and Older with Self-Reported Diabetes in 2001 and 2018.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Article
- Food Insecurity across the Life-Course and Cognitive Function among Older Mexican Adults.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Cognitive Reserve and Anxiety Interactions Play a Fundamental Role in the Response to the Stress.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Individual and Combined Associations of Glucose Metabolic Components With Cognitive Function Modified by Obesity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdults with type two diabetes mellitus (DM2) show cognitive deficits within the executive function domain. The detrimental effects of DM2 over executive function (EF) performance may be mediated by factors such as cognitive reserve (CR). CR mediates cognitive performance by delaying the appearance of clinical symptoms from subjacent brain pathology or attenuating the severity of such symptoms. Our main goal was to study the effects of CR on executive functions of adults with DM2.
methodsData from a total of 1,034 adults were included (362 women, 672 men). Subjects were categorized into four groups: subjects with DM2 and high CR (
resultsCR level significantly affected all executive function scores independently of the diabetes status. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that years of education accounted for most of the variance in the model for executive function performance. In this study, we found that there is a significant effect of CR on executive function performance of DM2 subjects and education is the most important CR proxy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.