ReviewEuropean journal of neurology2021
Immunology of COVID-19 and disease-modifying therapies: The good, the bad and the unknown.
Review in European journal of neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients With NMO Spectrum Disorders and MOG-Antibody-Associated Diseases: COPANMO(G)-Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Causal relationships between susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in European population: a bidirectional Mendelian randomized study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infection in multiple sclerosis patients: interaction with treatments, adjuvant therapies, and vaccines against COVID-19.Journal of neurology · 2022Review
- Nervous system manifestations related to COVID-19 and their possible mechanisms.Brain research bulletin · 2022Review
- A Targeted Literature Search and Phenomenological Review of Perspectives of People with Multiple Sclerosis and Healthcare Professionals of the Immunology of Disease-Modifying Therapies.Neurology and therapy · 2022Review
- A one year follow of patients with multiple sclerosis during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Qom province, Iran.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Article
- Immunology of COVID-19 and disease-modifying therapies: The good, the bad and the unknown.European journal of neurology · 2021Review
- MS and COVID-19 challenge: asymptomatic COVID-19 infection during treatment with cladribine.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Article
- Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Combined with Machine Learning Validation to Identify Key Modules and Hub Genes Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- The outcome of a national MS-Covid-19 study: What the Turkish MS cohort reveals?Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2021Article
- The course of COVID-19 infection in patients with multiple sclerosis-The experience of one center based on the population of Upper Silesia.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2021Article
- Multiple Sclerosis and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Considerations for Immune-Depleting Therapies.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Outcome of COVID-19 infection in multiple sclerosis patients receiving disease-modifying therapies.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2021Article
- Real-world effectiveness and safety profile of teriflunomide in the management of multiple sclerosis in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: An expert consensus narrative review.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
- Coronavirus disease 2019 infection among working-aged people with multiple sclerosis and the impact of disease-modifying therapies.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, caused by a previously unknown infectious agent, posed unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems and unmasked their vulnerability and limitations worldwide. Patients with long-term immunomodulatory/suppressive therapies, as well as their physicians, were and are concerned about balancing the risk of infection and effects of disease-modifying therapy. Over the last few months, knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2 has been growing tremendously, and the first experiences of infections in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have been reported.
methodsThis review summarizes the currently still limited knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 immunology and the commonly agreed modes of action of approved drugs in immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system (MS and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder). Specifically, we discuss whether immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory drugs may increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and, conversely, may decrease the severity of a COVID-19 disease course.
resultsAt present, it can be recommended in general that none of those therapies with a definite indication needs to be stopped per se. A possibly increased risk of infection for most medications is accompanied by the possibility to reduce the severity of COVID-19.
conclusionsDespite the knowledge gain over the last few months, current evidence remains limited, and, thus, further clinical vigilance and systematic documentation is essential.
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.