Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33108592›Full record

ReviewCardiovascular intervention and therapeutics2021

Role of acetylcholine spasm provocation test as a pathophysiological assessment in nonobstructive coronary artery disease.

Satoru Suzuki, Koichi Kaikita, Eiichiro Yamamoto, Hideaki Jinnouchi, Kenichi Tsujita

Erratum issuedOpen access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cardiovascular intervention and therapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  4. Invasive Endotyping of Angina Pectoris with Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries.The International journal of angiology : official publication of the International College of Angiology, Inc · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction and Vasomotor Dysregulation in Myocardial Bridging.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
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  11. Article
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  13. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Satoru SuzukiDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
Koichi KaikitaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan. kaikitak@kumamoto-u.ac.jp.
Eiichiro YamamotoDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
Hideaki JinnouchiDiabetes Center, Jinnouchi Hospital, 6-2-3 Kuhonji, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0976, Japan.
Kenichi TsujitaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
Kumamoto University · JPUji Hospital · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronary angiography (CAG) sometimes shows nonobstructive coronary arteries in patients with suspected angina or acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The high prevalence of nonobstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in those patients has recently been reported not only in Japan but also in Western countries, and is clinically attracting attention. Coronary spasm is considered to be one of the leading causes of both suspected stable angina and ACS with nonobstructive coronary arteries. Coronary spasm could also be associated with left ventricular dysfunction leading to heart failure, which could be improved following the administration of calcium channel blockers. Because we rarely capture spontaneous attacks of coronary spasm with electrocardiograms or Holter recordings, an invasive diagnostic modality, acetylcholine (ACh) provocation test, can be useful in detecting coronary spasm during CAG. Furthermore, we can use the ACh-provocation test to identify high-risk patients with coronary spasm complicated with organic coronary stenosis, and then treat with intensive care. Nonobstructive CAD includes not only epicardial coronary spasm but also microvascular spasm or dysfunction that can be associated with recurrent anginal attacks and poor quality of life. ACh-provocation test could also be helpful for the assessment of microvascular spasm or dysfunction. We hope that cardiologists will increasingly perform ACh-provocation test to assess the pathophysiology of nonobstructive CAD.

Indexed as

AcetylcholineCoronary AngiographyCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary VasospasmElectrocardiographyHumansVasodilator AgentsAcetylcholineVasodilator AgentsAcetylcholine provocation testCoronary spasmMicrovascular spasmNonobstructive coronary artery disease

Identifiers

PMID33108592
PMCPMC7829227
OpenAlexW3097491687

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.