SynthesisAdvances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)2021
The Association Between Coffee Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A scoping review of the health effects of fermented foods in specific human populations and their potential role in precision nutrition: current knowledge and gaps.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Coffee Pulp and Silverskin Mitigate Fructose-Induced Intestinal Alterations in Rats.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Integrated Metabolomic and Microbiome Profiling Reveals Divergent Effects of No- and High-Fat Coffee in Mice.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Comparative Serum Proteomic Analysis of Different Habitual Coffee Consumption Among Healthy and Obese with and Without Hypertension Groups.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Associations Between Coffee Consumption and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey of Taiwanese Adults.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- Timing of coffee consumption and insulin resistance: evidence from human and animal studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Synergistic Modulation of Lipid Levels by Coffee and Swimming With Evidence of a Strong Obesity-Dyslipidemia Link: A Preclinical Study.International journal of food science · 2026Article
- Sustainable Utilization of Coffee Pulp, a By-Product of Coffee Production: Effects on Metabolic Syndrome in Fructose-Fed Rats.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Association between healthy beverage index and healthy beverage score with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study.Journal of nutritional science · 2025Article
- Coffee consumption and cardiometabolic health: a comprehensive review of the evidence.GeroScience · 2024Review
- Association between coffee consumption and metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study.Journal of diabetes · 2024Article
- Coffee Consumption and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in the 'Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra' Project.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Associations of urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolites with metabolic syndrome in US adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- The longitudinal association between coffee and tea consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome and its component conditions in an older adult population.Journal of nutritional science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous meta-analyses that found an inverse association between coffee consumption and metabolic syndrome pooled data from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, which could lead to potentially misleading conclusions. Hence, this work aimed to reassess this association by analyzing data from the 2 types of studies separately and including recent studies. Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Plus, and Science Direct were searched for relevant studies published up to July 2020. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies were included if published after 1999, reported both effect estimates and CIs, and presented results adjusted for confounding variables. Data of the highest coffee consumption level in each study, as well as those of medium consumption levels in studies with ≥3 consumption categories, were pooled using random-effect models, with sex-stratified and sex-adjusted results being analyzed separately. Results were obtained based on data from 13 cross-sectional studies involving 280,803 participants and 2 longitudinal studies involving 17,014 participants. The overall sex-adjusted association of the highest consumption level was not significant (n = 9 studies; OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.70, 1.10; I2: 91.5%) and the 2 longitudinal studies both yielded no association. Subgroup analysis revealed inverse associations in both males and females, as well as in Caucasians with medium coffee consumption (n = 4 studies, OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.93; I2: 0%). Although residual confounding could affect the results of this meta-analysis, our findings suggested with a low certainty that coffee consumption may not be associated with metabolic syndrome, a finding that is different from those of previous meta-analyses and could be due to variation in characteristics of study participants. More longitudinal studies are also needed to further assess the temporal association between coffee consumption and metabolic syndrome. This meta-analysis was registered at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero as CRD42018110650.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.