Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2021
Effect of the glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue liraglutide versus placebo treatment on circulating proglucagon-derived peptides that mediate improvements in body weight, insulin secretion and action: A randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- GLP1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors for the prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus onset: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Postprandial plasma GLP-1 levels are elevated in individuals with postprandial hypoglycaemia following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass - a systematic review.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2023Pooled it
- Weight Loss-Independent Effect of Liraglutide on Insulin Sensitivity in Individuals With Obesity and Prediabetes.Diabetes · 2024Trial
- Factors associated with successful weight loss after liraglutide treatment for obesity.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Trial
- Bitter hop nutraceutical stimulates fat mass loss while preserving muscle mass in a cohort of individuals with overweight or obesity receiving diet and exercise advice.Obesity pillars · 2026Article
- Unveiling Gestational Diabetes: An Overview of Pathophysiology and Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Metabolic disorders in prediabetes: From mechanisms to therapeutic management.World journal of diabetes · 2024Review
- Chronic GLP1 therapy reduces postprandial IL6 in obese humans with prediabetes.Cardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism · 2024Article
- Bariatric surgery, through beneficial effects on underlying mechanisms, improves cardiorenal and liver metabolic risk over an average of ten years of observation: A longitudinal and a case-control study.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2024Article
- Circulating levels of proglucagon-derived peptides are differentially regulated by the glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist liraglutide and the centrally acting naltrexone/bupropion and can predict future weight loss and metabolic improvements: A 6-month long interventional study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Article
- Adolescents with obesity treated with exenatide maintain endogenous GLP-1, reduce DPP-4, and improve glycemic control.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The molecular signaling of exercise and obesity in the microbiota-gut-brain axis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo examine how circulating glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations during liraglutide treatment relate to its therapeutic actions on glucose and weight, and to study the effects of liraglutide on other proglucagon-derived peptides (PGDPs), including endogenous GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-2, glucagon, oxyntomodulin, glicentin and major proglucagon fragment, which also regulate metabolic and weight control. MATERIALS AND
methodsAdults who were overweight/obese (body mass index 27-40 kg/m
resultsParticipants on liraglutide versus placebo had significantly (P ≤ .004) decreased weight (mean -3.6%, 95% CI [-5.2% to -2.1%]), SSPG (-32% [-43% to -22%]) and glucose AUC (-7.0% [-11.5% to -2.5%]) and increased ISR AUC (30% [16% to 44%]). GLP-1A AUC at study end was significantly (P ≤ .04) linearly associated with % decrease in weight (r = -0.54) and SSPG (r = -0.59) and increase in ISR AUC (r = 0.51) in the liraglutide group. Treatment with liraglutide significantly (P ≤ .005) increased exogenous GLP-1A AUC (median 310 vs. 262 pg/mL × 8 hours at baseline but decreased endogenous GLP-1E AUC [13.1 vs. 24.2 pmol/L × 8 hours at baseline]), as well as the five other PGDPs. Decreases in the PGDPs processed in the intestines are independent of weight loss, indicating a probable direct effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists to decrease their endogenous production in contrast to weight loss-dependent changes in glucagon and major proglucagon fragment that are processed in pancreatic alpha cells.
conclusionsCirculating GLP-1A concentrations, reflecting liraglutide levels, predict improvement in weight, insulin action and secretion in a linear manner. Importantly, liraglutide also downregulates other PGDPs, normalization of the levels of which may provide additional metabolic and weight loss benefits in the future.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.