SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Pediatrics Consequences of Caesarean Section-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 146 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infant gut microbiota following cesarean section in the Middle East: a multidisciplinary expert consensus based on a targeted narrative review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Maternal and infant outcomes of planned mode of delivery in twin pregnancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Communication Interventions in Obstetrics-A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Fecal transplant from vaginally seeded infants decreases intraabdominal adiposity in mice.Gut microbesTrial
- Prevalence and associated factors of Helicobacter pylori seropositivity, including mode of delivery, among asymptomatic adolescents in Central Sudan: a community-based cross-sectional study.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2026Article
- The Labor Market and Health Impacts of Reducing Cesarean Section Deliveries.The Journal of human resources · 2026Article
- Health outcomes following caesarean birth- An observational study of twins discordant for mode of delivery.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2026Article
- An Evaluation of Cesarean Section Deliveries in Ebeye, Republic of the Marshall Islands, 2023.Hawai'i journal of health & social welfare · 2026Article
- Effect of Perinatal and Maternal Factors on Blood Pressure and Adiposity at Age 3.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026Observational
- Article
- Maternal Microbiome in Fetal Programming: A One Health Perspective on Translational Implications for Early-Life Health.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Caesarean section may be associated with suspected motor developmental delay at 3 years of age in the Japan Environment and Children's Study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Early life bacteria and sibling exposure associate with restoration of the infant gut microbiome after cesarean section.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Effect of an integrated intervention on the availability and completeness of Robson ten group classification system-related data in district hospitals in Bangladesh.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Mothers' experiences of implementing a normal labor and delivery management program based on evidence-based clinical practice in Iran.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- Comparing Impacts of Donor Human Milk to Formula Supplementation on the Gut Microbiome of Full-Term Infants Born Via Cesarean Section: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2025Article
- The pioneering gut microbiome acquired via different delivery modes in neonates shapes distinct immune and metabolic environments.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Microbiological Foundations to Optimise Intrinsic Capacity and Promote Healthy Ageing: An Integration Into the Life Course Approach.Aging cell · 2025Review
- Early Roots of Childhood Obesity: Risk Factors, Mechanisms, and Prevention Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCesarean section is a surgical procedure, which is the most frequently performed in gynecology and obstetrics. It is commonly believed that an operative delivery is a less painful and safer mode of delivery, which translates into an increasing number of the procedures performed without medical indications. The maternal sequelae of cesarean sections are well elucidated and widely discussed in the literature, while long-term neonatal consequences still remain the issue of research and scientific dispute. The aim of the present paper was to perform a systematic review of current literature regarding pediatrics consequences of cesarean section.
methodsWe reviewed available data from PubMed, Science Direct as well as Google Scholar bases concerning early and long-term neonatal sequelae of operative deliveries. The following key words were used: "cesarean section", "caesarean section", "neonatal outcomes", "respiratory disorders", "asthma", "obesity", "overweight", and "neurological disorders". A total of 1636 papers were retrieved out of which 27 were selected for the final systematic review whereas 16 articles provided data for meta-analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4. To determine the strength of association between the caesarean section and respiratory tract infections, asthma, diabetes type 1 as well as obesity the pooled odds ratios (OR) with the 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.
resultsConducted meta-analyses revealed that caesarean section is a risk factor for respiratory tract infections (pooled OR = 1.30 95%CI 1.06-1.60,
conclusionsThe results of the studies included indicated that children delivered by cesarean section more commonly developed respiratory tract infections, obesity and the manifestations of asthma than children delivered vaginally. The risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 1 or neurological disorders in offspring after caesarean section is still under discussion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.