ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Delicate Role of PD-L1/PD-1 Axis in Blood Vessel Inflammatory Diseases: Current Insight and Future Significance.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vasculopathy as a mechanical barrier to cancer spread: Clinical evidence and a rheology-based model in lung cancer and other solid tumors.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Anti-programmed Death-ligand 1 Antibody-associated Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- The Relationship and Mechanism of CD27 with Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Review
- Immune Checkpoint Restoration as a Therapeutic Strategy to Halt Diabetes-Driven Atherosclerosis.Biology · 2025Review
- Reimagining Oncologic Drugs in Atherosclerosis: Emerging Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Cancer-Related Immune Therapies: Bidirectional Implications From Cardiotoxicity to Emerging Cardiovascular Therapeutics: JACC CardioOncology State-of-the-Art Review.JACC. CardioOncology · 2025Review
- New onset of hypertension associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in cancer patients.Immunotherapy · 2025Article
- Induction of PD-1 and CD44 in CD4Journal of virology · 2025Article
- The Interplay Between Immunity, Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The role of immune checkpoints PD-1 and CTLA-4 in cardiovascular complications leading to heart failure.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Identification of an anti-inflammatory action of exosome release in P2YFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Follicular Helper T Cells: Potential Interventional Targets in Atherosclerosis.Journal of immunology research · 2025Review
- Article
- Immunophenotyping identifies key immune biomarkers for coronary artery disease through machine learning.PloS one · 2025Article
- A bibliometric analysis of research on PD-1/PD-L1 in urinary tract tumors.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Shedding Light on the Role of Exosomal PD-L1 (ExoPD-L1) in Cancer Progression: an Update.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Review
- Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 promotes endothelial cell-mediated suppression of CD8+ T cells through tuning glycolysis in chemoresistance of breast cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Transmural Flow Upregulates PD-L1 Expression in Microvascular Networks.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- PD-1/PD-L1 and coronary heart disease: a mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- An integrative review of nonobvious puzzles of cellular and molecular cardiooncology.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint molecules are the antigen-independent generator of secondary signals that aid in maintaining the homeostasis of the immune system. The programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)/PD-1 axis is one among the most extensively studied immune-inhibitory checkpoint molecules, which delivers a negative signal for T cell activation by binding to the PD-1 receptor. The general attributes of PD-L1's immune-suppressive qualities and novel mechanisms on the barrier functions of vascular endothelium to regulate blood vessel-related inflammatory diseases are concisely reviewed. Though targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has received immense recognition-the Nobel Prize in clinical oncology was awarded in the year 2018 for this discovery-the use of therapeutic modulating strategies for the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway in chronic inflammatory blood vessel diseases is still limited to experimental models. However, studies using clinical specimens that support the role of PD-1 and PD-L1 in patients with underlying atherosclerosis are also detailed. Of note, delicate balances in the expression levels of PD-L1 that are needed to preserve T cell immunity and to curtail acute as well as chronic infections in underlying blood vessel diseases are discussed. A significant link exists between altered lipid and glucose metabolism in different cells and the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 molecules, and its possible implications on vascular inflammation are justified. This review summarizes the most recent insights concerning the role of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis in vascular inflammation and, in addition, provides an overview exploring the novel therapeutic approaches and challenges of manipulating these immune checkpoint proteins, PD-1 and PD-L1, for suppressing blood vessel inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.