ReviewVaccines2020
COVID-19 Vaccines Currently under Preclinical and Clinical Studies, and Associated Antiviral Immune Response.
Review in Vaccines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Saliva is suitable for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies detection after vaccination: A rapid systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Direct Cytoplasmic Transcription and Trimeric RBD Design Synergize to Enhance DNA Vaccine Potency Against SARS-CoV-2.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Comprehensive review of preclinical evaluation strategies for COVID-19 vaccine candidates: assessing immunogenicity, toxicology, and safety profiles.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 genetic variation and bacterial communities of naso-oropharyngeal samples in middle-aged and elderly COVID-19 patients in West Java, Indonesia.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2024Article
- Pre-Clinical Safety and Immunogenicity Study of a Coronavirus Protein-Based Subunit Vaccine for COVID-19.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Nano-based techniques: A revolutionary approach to prevent covid-19 and enhancing human awareness.Journal of drug delivery science and technology · 2023Review
- Recent Advances in Quantum Dot-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassays for the Rapid, Point-of-Care Diagnosis of COVID-19.Biosensors · 2023Review
- Real-world effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in the elderly during the Delta and Omicron variants: Systematic review.World journal of meta-analysis · 2023Article
- Lung development and regeneration: newly defined cell types and progenitor status.Cell regeneration (London, England) · 2023Review
- Advanced Vaccine Design Strategies against SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Variants.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among cold-chain workers in Shenzhen, China: A cross-sectional survey.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Article
- Review
- Review
- Immunogenicity profiling and distinct immune response in liver transplant recipients vaccinated with SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Neutralizing antibody responses following natural SARS-CoV-2 infection: Dynamics and correlation with commercial serologic tests.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2021Article
- A brief review on DNA vaccines in the era of COVID-19.Future virology · 2021Review
- Clinical approval of nanotechnology-based SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: impact on translational nanomedicine.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021Review
- Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 and Diabetic Kidney Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With a death toll of over one million worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has become the most devastating humanitarian catastrophe in recent decades. The fear of acquiring infection and spreading to vulnerable people has severely impacted society's socio-economic status. To put an end to this growing number of infections and deaths as well as to switch from restricted to everyday living, an effective vaccine is desperately needed. As a result, enormous efforts have been made globally to develop numerous vaccine candidates in a matter of months. Currently, over 30 vaccine candidates are under assessment in clinical trials, with several undergoing preclinical studies. Here, we reviewed the major vaccine candidates based on the specific vaccine platform utilized to develop them. We also discussed the immune responses generated by these candidates in humans and preclinical models to determine vaccine safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy. Finally, immune responses induced in recovered COVID-19 patients and their possible vaccine development implications were also briefly reviewed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.