SynthesisCells2020
Uremic Toxins Affecting Cardiovascular Calcification: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Cells, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Microbiota-Driven Therapy on Circulating Indoxyl Sulfate and P-Cresyl Sulfate in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of Uremic Toxins on Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome through the lens of gut‑derived uremic toxins.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Impact of diabetic kidney disease on perioperative outcomes after lumbar spinal fusion: a propensity score analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- 4-Ethyl phenyl sulfate binding to human serum albumin.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Uremic Toxin-Driven Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: Molecular Pathways and Integrated Phenotypes.Toxins · 2026Review
- Multimodal Detection of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease.Cardiorenal medicine · 2026Review
- Effect of Kidney Transplant Type on Coronary Endothelial Function in Individuals with Chronic Kidney Disease.Annals of transplantation · 2025Observational
- Pulse wave-driven machine learning for the non-invasive assessment of coronary artery calcification in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis.Biomedical engineering online · 2025Article
- Human Serum Albumin Affinity for Putrescine Using ITC and STD-NMR.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Renal-Cardiac Crosstalk in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Heart Failure.Circulation research · 2025Review
- Vasoconstriction-inhibiting factor: an endogenous inhibitor of vascular calcification as a calcimimetic of calcium-sensing receptor.Cardiovascular research · 2025Article
- In the Era of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome in Cardio-Oncology: From Pathogenesis to Prevention and Therapy.Cancers · 2025Review
- Serum angiopoietin-2/angiopoietin-1 ratio is associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients: a prospective cohort study.Renal failure · 2024Article
- Associations of circulating total p-cresylsulfate and indoxyl sulfate concentrations with central obesity in patients with stable coronary artery disease: sex-specific insights.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes of Non-Diabetic CKD by Albuminuria Severity: Findings From the CRIC Study.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2024Article
- Post-translational modifications in kidney diseases and associated cardiovascular risk.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Phenylacetylglutamine and trimethylamine N-oxide: Two uremic players, different actions.European journal of clinical investigation · 2023Observational
- Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.Circulation research · 2023Review
- Zebrafish as a Model of Cardiac Pathology and Toxicity: Spotlight on Uremic Toxins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular calcification is highly prevalent and associated with increased morbidity in chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review examines the impact of uremic toxins, which accumulate in CKD due to a failing kidney function, on cardiovascular calcification. A systematic literature search identified 41 uremic toxins that have been studied in relation to cardiovascular calcification. For 29 substances, a potentially causal role in cardiovascular calcification was addressed in in vitro or animal studies. A calcification-inducing effect was revealed for 16 substances, whereas for three uremic toxins, namely the guanidino compounds asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine, as well as guanidinosuccinic acid, a calcification inhibitory effect was identified in vitro. At a mechanistic level, effects of uremic toxins on calcification could be linked to the induction of inflammation or oxidative stress, smooth muscle cell osteogenic transdifferentiation and/or apoptosis, or alkaline phosphatase activity. For all middle molecular weight and protein-bound uremic toxins that were found to affect cardiovascular calcification, an increasing effect on calcification was revealed, supporting the need to focus on an increased removal efficiency of these uremic toxin classes in dialysis. In conclusion, of all uremic toxins studied with respect to calcification regulatory effects to date, more uremic toxins promote rather than reduce cardiovascular calcification processes. Additionally, it highlights that only a relatively small part of uremic toxins has been screened for effects on calcification, supporting further investigation of uremic toxins, as well as of associated post-translational modifications, on cardiovascular calcification processes.
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.