Evidence mapPaperPMID 33198260Full record

ReviewGenes2020

Pharmacogenomics for Primary Care: An Overview.

Victoria Rollinson, Richard Turner, Munir Pirmohamed

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Genes, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Evaluating genotype-treatment interactions for high-risk medications in British general practice: a retrospective cohort study using UK Biobank.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Observational
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. From genes to drugs:Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Precision, integrative medicine for pain management in sickle cell disease.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Victoria RollinsonWolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK.
Richard TurnerWolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK.
Munir PirmohamedWolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GL, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7534-7266

Funding

Department of HealthMedical Research Council G1000417Medical Research Council MR/L006758/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Most of the prescribing and dispensing of medicines happens in primary care. Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is the study and clinical application of the role of genetic variation on drug response. Mounting evidence suggests PGx can improve the safety and/or efficacy of several medications commonly prescribed in primary care. However, implementation of PGx has generally been limited to a relatively few academic hospital centres, with little adoption in primary care. Despite this, many primary healthcare providers are optimistic about the role of PGx in their future practice. The increasing prevalence of direct-to-consumer genetic testing and primary care PGx studies herald the plausible gradual introduction of PGx into primary care and highlight the changes needed for optimal translation. In this article, the potential utility of PGx in primary care will be explored and on-going barriers to implementation discussed. The evidence base of several drug-gene pairs relevant to primary care will be outlined with a focus on antidepressants, codeine and tramadol, statins, clopidogrel, warfarin, metoprolol and allopurinol. This review is intended to provide both a general introduction to PGx with a more in-depth overview of elements relevant to primary care.

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidAntidepressive AgentsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsPharmacogenomic VariantsAllopurinolClopidogrelHumansMetoprololPharmacogeneticsPrecision MedicinePrimary Health CareWarfarinAllopurinolAnalgesics, OpioidAntidepressive AgentsClopidogrelHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsMetoprololWarfarinadverse drug reactionantidepressantsclopidogreldrug hypersensitivityimplementationpharmacogenomicsprimary carestatinswarfarin

Identifiers

PMID33198260
PMCPMC7696803

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.