ReviewCurrent environmental health reports2020
Early Cardiovascular Risk in E-cigarette Users: the Potential Role of Metals.
Review in Current environmental health reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elevated Toxic Element Emissions from Popular Disposable E‑Cigarettes: Sources, Life Cycle, and Health Risks.ACS central science · 2025Article
- Review
- Electronic Cigarette-Derived Metals: Exposure and Health Risks in Vapers.Chemical research in toxicology · 2025Review
- Endothelial progenitor cells and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: From basic research to clinical application.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2024Review
- E-cigarettes and arterial health: A review of the link between vaping and atherosclerosis progression.World journal of cardiology · 2024Review
- In utero chronic intermittent nicotine aerosol exposure increases ischemic heart injury in adult offspring via programming of Angiotensin II receptor-derived TGFβ/ROS/Akt signaling pathway.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Association between Blood Lead Levels and Silent Myocardial Infarction in the General Population.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- E-cigarettes and arrhythmogenesis: a comprehensive review of pre-clinical studies and their clinical implications.Cardiovascular research · 2023Review
- An integral perspective of canonical cigarette and e-cigarette-related cardiovascular toxicity based on the adverse outcome pathway framework.Journal of advanced research · 2023Review
- Maternal electronic cigarette use during pregnancy affects long-term arterial function in offspring.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Effects of e-liquid flavor, nicotine content, and puff duration on metal emissions from electronic cigarettes.Environmental research · 2022Article
- Associations Between Perceptions of e-Cigarette Harmfulness and Addictiveness and the Age of E-Cigarette Initiation Among the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Youth.Tobacco use insights · 2022Article
- Identification of newly formed toxic chemicals in E-cigarette aerosols with Orbitrap mass spectrometry and implications on E-cigarette control.European journal of mass spectrometry (Chichester, England) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewElectronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are a source of metals. Epidemiologic and experimental evidence support that metals are toxic to the cardiovascular system. Little is known, however, about the role that e-cig metals may play as toxicants for the possible cardiovascular effects of e-cig use. The goal of this narrative review is to summarize the evidence on e-cig use and metal exposure and on e-cig use and cardiovascular toxicity and discuss the research needs. RECENT
findingsIn vitro studies show cytotoxicity and increased oxidative stress in myocardial cells and vascular endothelial cells exposed to e-liquids and e-cig aerosols, with effects partially reversed with antioxidant treatment. There is some evidence that the heating coil plays a role in cell toxicity. Mice exposed to e-cigs for several weeks showed higher levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, platelet activation, and thrombogenesis. Cross-over clinical experiments show e-cig use alters nitric oxide-mediated flow-mediated dilation, endothelial progenitor cells, and arterial stiffness. Cross-sectional evidence from large nationally representative samples in the USA support that e-cig use is associated with self-reported myocardial infarction. Smaller studies found associations of e-cig use with higher oxidized low-density protein and heart variability compared to healthy controls. Numerous studies have measured elevated levels of toxic metals in e-cig aerosols including lead, nickel, chromium, and manganese. Arsenic has been measured in some e-liquids. Several of these metals are well known to be cardiotoxic. Numerous studies show that e-cigs are a source of cardiotoxic metals. Experimental studies (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies) show acute toxicity of e-cigs to the vascular system. Studies of long-term toxicity in animals and humans are missing. Longitudinal studies with repeated measures of metal exposure and subclinical cardiovascular outcomes (e.g., coronary artery calcification) could contribute to determine the long-term cardiovascular effects of e-cigs and the potential role of metals in those effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.