ReviewNature immunology2021
The immunology of rheumatoid arthritis.
Review in Nature immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 451 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
451 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 752 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review on Natural Products, Nanotechnology and their Recent Updates Towards Management of CFA-induced Rheumatoid Arthritis.Current drug discovery technologies · 2026Pooled it
- Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ginger supplementation in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Protective role of summer acupoint application therapy on weather-triggered rheumatoid arthritis flares.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Discovery of 5-fluoro-aminopyrimidine derivatives as dual BTK/FLT3 inhibitors for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Plant-Derived Heterocyclic Compounds: A Promising Review on Natural Remedies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Management and Their Mechanistic Insights in Inflammation and Joint Protection.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Review
- Why a positive rheumatoid factor test does not always mean rheumatoid arthritis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Immune-mediated rheumatoid arthritis: from single-cell genomics to new therapies.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- CD27 Neutralization Attenuates Rheumatoid Arthritis by Suppressing.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Juanbi Qianggu Formula Alleviates Rheumatoid Arthritis by Suppressing the TNF-α/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- BCAT2 links branched-chain amino acids metabolism to interferon signaling to sustain macrophage inflammation.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Metabolic exhaustion and immune ageing in rheumatoid arthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Systemic and local autoantibody responses to extracellular matrix proteins define inflammatory phenotypes across arthropathies.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Hydrogels: current biomedical applications and future directions.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Inverse association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and incident rheumatoid arthritis in middle-aged adults with chronic hepatitis B.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- The value of arthroscopic synovectomy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A prospective cohort study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Microfluidic-based biomimetic mitochondrial nanocomposite for targeted immunotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis via mitochondrial transplantation.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Encoded Cell-Material Interactions to Reroute Cytokine Signaling for Regenerative Medicine.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal immunomodulation with programmable biomaterials to promote musculoskeletal tissue regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Emergency myelopoiesis in murine arthritis results in cell-intrinsic changes in dendritic cell development and function.iScience · 2026Article
- High Humidity Exacerbates Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice viaMicroorganisms · 2026Article
391 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) spans decades, beginning with the production of autoantibodies against post-translationally modified proteins (checkpoint 1). After years of asymptomatic autoimmunity and progressive immune system remodeling, tissue tolerance erodes and joint inflammation ensues as tissue-invasive effector T cells emerge and protective joint-resident macrophages fail (checkpoint 2). The transition of synovial stromal cells into autoaggressive effector cells converts synovitis from acute to chronic destructive (checkpoint 3). The loss of T cell tolerance derives from defective DNA repair, causing abnormal cell cycle dynamics, telomere fragility and instability of mitochondrial DNA. Mitochondrial and lysosomal anomalies culminate in the generation of short-lived tissue-invasive effector T cells. This differentiation defect builds on a metabolic platform that shunts glucose away from energy generation toward the cell building and motility programs. The next frontier in RA is the development of curative interventions, for example, reprogramming T cell defects during the period of asymptomatic autoimmunity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.