ReviewMicroorganisms2020
The Role of APOBECs in Viral Replication.
Review in Microorganisms, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of HIV-1 assembly, release and maturation.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- HIV-1 APOBEC-context Mutations Detected by Next-Generation Sequencing in Plasma: Implications for Drug Resistance Interpretation.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A Viral Protein Antagonist for Both AID and APOBEC3.Viruses · 2026Review
- Article
- Quantifying the mutational landscape of retroviral and lentiviral vectors in gene therapy patients.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Hairpin loop to hairpin loop: a full-length assembly of the ASFV genome using Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- New insights for the development of efficient DNA vaccines.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Review
- Review
- Apobec-mediated retroviral hypermutation in vivo is dependent on mouse strain.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Challenges to mapping and defining mRNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Global mpox lineage discovery and rapid outbreak tracking with nanopore sequencing.Virology journal · 2023Article
- APOBECs: Our fickle friends?PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Study of the Genetic Expression of Antiretroviral Restriction Factors and Acute Phase Proteins in Cattle Infected with Bovine Leukemia Virus.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- The APOBEC3B cytidine deaminase is an adenovirus restriction factor.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- The regulation of antiviral innate immunity through non-mFrontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Evaluating the risk of transfusion and transplant-transmitted monkeypox infections.Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England) · 2022Review
- Transcriptional and genetic alterations of cuproptosis-related genes correlated to malignancy and immune-infiltrate of esophageal carcinoma.Cell death discovery · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) proteins are a diverse and evolutionarily conserved family of cytidine deaminases that provide a variety of functions from tissue-specific gene expression and immunoglobulin diversity to control of viruses and retrotransposons. APOBEC family expansion has been documented among mammalian species, suggesting a powerful selection for their activity. Enzymes with a duplicated zinc-binding domain often have catalytically active and inactive domains, yet both have antiviral function. Although APOBEC antiviral function was discovered through hypermutation of HIV-1 genomes lacking an active Vif protein, much evidence indicates that APOBECs also inhibit virus replication through mechanisms other than mutagenesis. Multiple steps of the viral replication cycle may be affected, although nucleic acid replication is a primary target. Packaging of APOBECs into virions was first noted with HIV-1, yet is not a prerequisite for viral inhibition. APOBEC antagonism may occur in viral producer and recipient cells. Signatures of APOBEC activity include G-to-A and C-to-T mutations in a particular sequence context. The importance of APOBEC activity for viral inhibition is reflected in the identification of numerous viral factors, including HIV-1 Vif, which are dedicated to antagonism of these deaminases. Such viral antagonists often are only partially successful, leading to APOBEC selection for viral variants that enhance replication or avoid immune elimination.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.