Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33334005›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2020

Salivary Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin in Alcohol- and Nicotine-Dependent Males.

Napoleon Waszkiewicz, Katarzyna Pawłowicz, Natalia Okuniewska, Mikołaj Kwiatkowski, Daniel Zalewski, Karolina Wilczyńska, Agata Szulc, Beata Galińska-Skok, Beata Konarzewska, Mateusz Maciejczyk and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 36% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The prevalence of oral mucositis after radiotherapy in patients with Head and Neck Cancer and its associated factors: a meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Napoleon WaszkiewiczDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Plac Brodowicza 1 Str., 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7021-5133
Katarzyna PawłowiczDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Plac Brodowicza 1 Str., 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland.
Natalia OkuniewskaDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Plac Brodowicza 1 Str., 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland.
Mikołaj KwiatkowskiDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Plac Brodowicza 1 Str., 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland.
Daniel ZalewskiDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Plac Brodowicza 1 Str., 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland.
Karolina WilczyńskaDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Plac Brodowicza 1 Str., 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland.
Agata SzulcDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Partyzantów 2/4 Str., 05-802 Pruszków, Poland.
Beata Galińska-SkokDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Plac Brodowicza 1 Str., 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-9325-8304
Beata KonarzewskaDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, Plac Brodowicza 1 Str., 16-070 Choroszcz, Poland.
Mateusz MaciejczykDepartment of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37 Str., 15-295 Bialystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5609-3187
Anna ZalewskaExperimental Dentistry Laboratory, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4562-0951
Medical University of Białystok · PLMedical University of Warsaw · PL

Funding

Medical University of Białystok SUB/1/DN/19/001/1147, SUB/1/DN/19/002/1147, SUB/1/DN/20/001/1147
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), an 80 kDa glycoprotein, is one of the most commonly employed biomarkers to detect alcohol dependence. Some salivary glycoproteins such as α-amylase, clusterin, haptoglobin, light/heavy-chain immunoglobulin, and transferrin, which alter glycosylation in alcohol-dependent persons, have been suggested to be potential alcohol markers. However, their identification is based on indirect analysis of lectin glycosidic bonds and molecular weight. We investigated the CDT content in the saliva of alcohol- and nicotine-dependent men. The CDT concentration (ng/mL, ng/mg protein) was determined by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) commercial kit in 55 men: 20 healthy social drinkers (C), 10 chronic cigarette smokers (S), 10 alcohol-dependent non-smokers (A), and 15 alcohol-dependent smokers (AS). Surprisingly, there were no differences in the concentrations of CDT between the studied groups. Salivary pH was the lowest in the AS and the highest in the A group. Therefore, salivary CDT cannot be used as an alcohol dependence marker as measured by ELISA. We suggest that direct identification of glycoproteins is necessary to search for potential salivary alcohol biomarkers. Molecules smaller than 40 kDa, which easily translocate from blood to the saliva, might be preferred as salivary alcohol markers.

Indexed as

alcoholcarbohydrate-deficient transferrinmarkersnicotinesaliva

Identifiers

PMID33334005
PMCPMC7765464
OpenAlexW3112290803

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.