Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33356394›Full record

SynthesisHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2021

Urate, Blood Pressure, and Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.

Dipender Gill, Alan C Cameron, Stephen Burgess, Xue Li, Daniel J Doherty, Ville Karhunen, Azmil H Abdul-Rahim, Martin Taylor-Rowan, Verena Zuber, Philip S Tsao and 10 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
11.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Trial
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  14. Causal atlas on comorbidities in cardiomyopathy: a Mendelian randomization study of European ancestry.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026
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  15. Observational
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27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 11 institutions in 7 countries.

Dipender Gill *Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health (D.G., V.K., V.Z., E.E., P.E., A.D., I.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Alan C Cameron *Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (A.C.C., D.J.D., M.T.-R., T.J.Q., J.D.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Stephen BurgessMRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, United Kingdom (S.B., V.Z.).
Xue LiCentre for Global Health, Usher Institute (X.L., E.T.), University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Daniel J DohertyInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (A.C.C., D.J.D., M.T.-R., T.J.Q., J.D.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Ville KarhunenDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health (D.G., V.K., V.Z., E.E., P.E., A.D., I.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Azmil H Abdul-RahimInstitute of Neuroscience and Psychology (A.H.A.-R.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Martin Taylor-RowanInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (A.C.C., D.J.D., M.T.-R., T.J.Q., J.D.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Verena ZuberDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health (D.G., V.K., V.Z., E.E., P.E., A.D., I.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Philip S TsaoDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (P.S.T.).
Derek KlarinMalcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL (D.K.).
VA Million Veteran Program
Evangelos EvangelouDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health (D.G., V.K., V.Z., E.E., P.E., A.D., I.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Paul ElliottDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health (D.G., V.K., V.Z., E.E., P.E., A.D., I.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Scott M Damrauer
Terence J QuinnInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (A.C.C., D.J.D., M.T.-R., T.J.Q., J.D.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Abbas DehghanDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health (D.G., V.K., V.Z., E.E., P.E., A.D., I.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Evropi Theodoratou *Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute (X.L., E.T.), University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Jesse Dawson *Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (A.C.C., D.J.D., M.T.-R., T.J.Q., J.D.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Ioanna Tzoulaki *Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health (D.G., V.K., V.Z., E.E., P.E., A.D., I.T.), Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
Cardiovascular Institute of the South · USBritish Heart Foundation · GBImperial College London · GBTwitter (United States) · USBroad Institute · USCentre for Global Health Research · CAEdinburgh Cancer Research · GBEvangel University · USMRC Biostatistics Unit · GBPrimary Health Care · QASt George's, University of London · GB

Funding

Precision Cardio-Metabolic Phenotyping for Genetic Discovery and Risk PredictionIK2CX001780 · VA · PHILADELPHIA VA MEDICAL CENTER · PI DAMRAUER, SCOTT MICHAEL · 2018 to 2023
–
British Heart Foundation CH/12/2/29428British Heart Foundation RE/18/4/34215British Heart Foundation RG/13/13/30194British Heart Foundation RG/18/13/33946Cancer Research UK C31250/A22804CSRD VA IK2 CX001780Department of HealthMedical Research Council 1004231Medical Research Council MC_PC_17228Medical Research Council MC_QA137853Medical Research Council MC_UU_00002/7Medical Research Council MR/S019669/1Wellcome Trust 203928/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust 204623Wellcome Trust 204623/Z/16/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Serum urate has been implicated in hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but it is not known whether it is exerting a causal effect. To investigate this, we performed Mendelian randomization analysis using data from UK Biobank, Million Veterans Program and genome-wide association study consortia, and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The main Mendelian randomization analyses showed that every 1-SD increase in genetically predicted serum urate was associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (odds ratio, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.10-1.30];

Indexed as

Blood PressureCardiovascular DiseasesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMendelian Randomization AnalysisPolymorphism, Single NucleotideRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicUric AcidUric Acidblood pressurecardiovascular diseasesodds ratiosystematic reviewuric acid

Identifiers

PMID33356394
PMCPMC7803439
OpenAlexW3116712500

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.