ReviewCancers2020
Immunocompetent Mouse Models in the Search for Effective Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma.
Review in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on poly(I:C) and poly-ICLC in glioblastoma: adjuvants coordinating the unlocking of immunotherapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2021Pooled it
- Decoding glioblastoma evolution and heterogeneity through mechanistic modeling: implications for clinical translation.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles combined with injectable hydrogels in bone defect repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Review
- Co-delivering macrophage engager mRNA and PD-L1 antibody via tumor-responsive nanoparticles for glioblastoma immunotherapy.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Glioblastoma-natural killer cell crosstalk: insights from dynamic spheroid models reveal the importance of secreted cytokines and the CD155 axis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Tumor immunogenicity shapes CNS immune niches and CD8⁺ T cell fate in glioblastoma.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Article
- A human tumor-immune organoid model of glioblastoma.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Article
- CIITA-modified glioblastomas vaccinate and induce cross-protection against heterologous wild-type glioblastomas.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Oncolytic HSV-IL27 expression improves CD8 T cell function and therapeutic activity in syngeneic glioma models.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- A Human Tumor-Immune Organoid Model of Glioblastoma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Combining the RCAS/tv-a retrovirus and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing systems to generate primary mouse models of diffuse midline glioma.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- CD47 Knock-Out Using CRISPR-Cas9 RNA Lipid Nanocarriers Results in Reduced Mesenchymal Glioblastoma Growth In Vivo.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Bridging the gap between tumor and disease: Innovating cancer and glioma models.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Systemically targeting monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells using dendrimers and their cell-level biodistribution kinetics.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2024Article
- Utilizing human cerebral organoids to model breast cancer brain metastasis in culture.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- rWTC-MBTA Vaccine Induces Potent Adaptive Immune Responses Against Glioblastomas via Dynamic Activation of Dendritic Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Understanding current experimental models of glioblastoma-brain microenvironment interactions.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Review
- Insights into Cancer Immunotherapies: Recent Breakthroughs, Opportunities, and Challenges.Cancers · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive intrinsic brain tumor in adults. Despite maximal therapy consisting of surgery and radio/chemotherapy, GBM remains largely incurable with a median survival of less than 15 months. GBM has a strong immunosuppressive nature with a multitude of tumor and microenvironment (TME) derived factors that prohibit an effective immune response. To date, all clinical trials failed to provide lasting clinical efficacy, despite the relatively high success rates of preclinical studies to show effectivity of immunotherapy. Various factors may explain this discrepancy, including the inability of a single mouse model to fully recapitulate the complexity and heterogeneity of GBM. It is therefore critical to understand the features and limitations of each model, which should probably be combined to grab the full spectrum of the disease. In this review, we summarize the available knowledge concerning immune composition, stem cell characteristics and response to standard-of-care and immunotherapeutics for the most commonly available immunocompetent mouse models of GBM.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.